What professions are forbidden for women. How to find a job for a young mother Positions that women cannot hold
Today, no one is surprised by a woman driving a bus, a woman crane operator or a woman janitor. It seems that women can work as anyone. But in fact, the law prohibits hiring representatives of the beautiful to perform many types of work. All of them are enshrined in government decree Russian Federation No. 162 of February 25, 2000. What kind of work in Russia can not take women?
In Russia, it is forbidden to use female labor in heavy, harmful (for example, work with lead) and dangerous (for example, work at height) industries. Women should not work where it is necessary to move or lift weights.
Transport
Women are not actually prohibited from working as bus drivers, but only those with up to 14 seats. An employer also does not have the right to hire a female driver if the vehicle she will be driving has a load capacity of more than 2.5 tons. In both cases, the exceptions are intracity and suburban routes, as well as transportation in rural areas.
In sea and river transport, women cannot work as a sailor or boatswain, fireman or boiler operator, crane operator or loader.
As for civil aviation, here women are prohibited from working as aircraft mechanics, porters, and gas station operators.
Metalworking and metallurgy
Representatives of the weaker sex should not be employed in foundries, namely, work as melters, welders, fillers, cupola workers, beaters. Women cannot work as manual gas and electric welders in closed containers and at heights. They must not perform manual work related to pressing (for example, hold the position of a chaser), as well as perform locksmith and assembly work, if they are associated with vibration (for example, a pneumatic driller), they cannot engage in equipment adjustment in hot-rolling, pickling and enameling workshops. Most work involving lead was banned for women.
Construction, installation and repair work
As already mentioned, hard work is contraindicated for women, and therefore they should not be employed in manual work. This, for example, uprooting stumps, dismantling buildings and structures, punching holes in various structures. Women cannot work as drivers of motor graders, concrete pumping and bitumen plants, bulldozers, asphalt mixers and pavers, excavators (single-bucket and rotary), as well as antenna operators and erectors of structures working at height. It turns out that the representatives of the weaker sex cannot even work as carpenters and plumbers who repair sewer networks.
Agriculture
In this industry, women under 35 are prohibited from holding positions related to the use of pesticides and other harmful substances, as well as servicing breeding animals, loading and unloading animal carcasses and pesticides, slaughtering livestock, skinning and butchering carcasses. Women are not allowed to work as both tractor and truck drivers.
In the timber industry, it is forbidden for the representatives of the weaker sex to be hired as a feller, lumberjack, choker, rafter, rigger and raft shaper.
Many professions are closed to women in the chemical industry and mining.
However, there is a clause in the law: if the employer can create safe working conditions, which will be confirmed by the results of certification, then he has the right to take a representative of the fair sex to any of the listed positions.
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At all times there were professions that are considered to be "male". These specialties include the work of a firefighter, a miner, a sea captain, a military man. In the Russian Federation, there is even a list of jobs that are prohibited for women. What professional fields are not allowed for the beautiful half of humanity, and is it generally acceptable to single out "male" and "female" specialties?
Here is an incomplete list of professions in which it is strongly recommended not to use female labor (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 162 of February 25, 2000):
- work associated with lifting/carrying heavy loads manually;
- installation and repair and construction works;
- logging and rafting;
- production of cellulose, paper, cardboard products;
- maritime transport and civil aviation.
It is noteworthy that these restrictions are advisory in nature, that is, employers can hire women from the list while ensuring safety and necessary working conditions for them. However, women are still not taken as seafarers and fitters.
Is this restriction even legal? And what is it - an attempt to take care of women or curtail their rights?
Tatyana Gromova, a representative of Ilim, a pulp and paper industry and logging company, claims that there are indeed professions in which the female gender cannot perform quality work due to physiological characteristics. After all, not every strong man can manage a multi-ton timber truck on a winter road, to say nothing of a weak field.
Tatiana Trofimova, recruitment manager at construction company Unihimtek agrees with the opinion of the previous expert. She contends that maintenance and construction work requires heavy physical labour, such as lifting heavy loads, using multi-kilogram machines, working at heights or in sewers, which are extremely difficult for women.
There are no less difficulties in the work of a firefighter: a fire suit weighs up to twenty-five kilograms, you need to constantly be in full readiness mode, and the risks when extinguishing a fire are very high.
Ekaterina Kurkina, director of the Aviapersonal group of companies, says that aviation mechanics and technicians perform very difficult physical tasks, which is why women are rarely involved in this profession.
Tatyana Gromova talks about a woman from Ust-Ilimsk who works as a gas welder. The employee likes her profession, despite the complexity and specificity of the work. For the manager, such an employee creates difficulties related to the volume and object of work for a woman. After all, for her it is necessary to select especially comfortable working conditions, while with men such a problem does not arise. Tatyana Trofimova mentions additional complexity in such situations: for example, there is not always a specially equipped place at a construction site for a woman to change clothes or relax. Moreover, men often use a rough vocabulary in communication with each other, which, of course, is a problem for a woman in a male team.
Women are very emotional, so rescuing people from a fire or emergency transport situations can harm their psyche. In view of this female peculiarity, not all employers accept the fair sex for "male" work, and this is not discrimination. This approach characterizes the responsibility of the employer for the morale, health and life of his employees.
Is it generally fair to divide professions into "male" and "female" and can women perform hard and dangerous work at the same level as the stronger sex? This is a question that causes constant controversy in society.
Experts say that there are professions that a woman simply cannot master. For example, there are exceptions when a woman works as a miner or a submariner, but why does she need it? Why would she go to the mine and lift a heavy jackhammer or go on a long trip where she would have to live in unsuitable conditions and paint the walls of power plants?
Tatyana Trofimova says that she is sure that women can do any job, but she does not consider it necessary. Here, according to the expert, the Government of the Russian Federation, which has introduced a ban on the use of female labor in difficult working conditions, is absolutely right. And this should not be taken as discrimination, because such measures are aimed at caring for women's health. They ensure that future mothers do not harm their own health and the health of their children.
On the other hand, the introduction of new technologies in production makes it possible to revise the list of specialties for which there are restrictions for the female part of society. Many jobs have become more automated, less labor-intensive, and women can easily master them. Moreover, recent studies show that the profession of a stewardess or a sales assistant, work in an office is far from safe. For example, office workers are increasingly suffering from a pinched nerve in the wrist.
Since 2000, much has changed in the world, the emergence of technologies that significantly facilitate not only women's work, but work in general, allows you to gradually reduce the list of prohibited jobs. Now women can easily master the work of pilots and perform it at the level of men, although this was once considered impossible. Women pilots are increasingly found in leading airlines, because high-tech airliners have appeared that require little physical effort to fly, but such a profession requires great psychological effort.
So, if, nevertheless, a woman is sure that the "male" profession is her dream job, then it is quite possible to find a job. After all, there are many examples of how a woman navigates ships through the polar ice, saves people and conquers impregnable mountain peaks. In Venice, not so long ago, a woman was allowed to drive a gondola, although this Italian profession has always been considered exclusively male, and a woman gas welder works in Ilim.
And yet, in the case when the employer does not dare to hire a woman because of the list of prohibited professions, one should not immediately perceive this as an infringement of rights. Most likely, such actions are just an attempt to take care of the well-being and health of the lady.
“I just can’t get a job - they don’t take it, because there is a small child,” young mothers complain on various Internet forums and among friends. Indeed, not all employers are ready to show loyalty to an employee who has a child. But are the prospects for women with children so bleak?
The labor market is on the side of motherhood
First you need to part with the myth that, having a small child, it is very difficult to find a job. According to the study site, only 6% of employers avoid hiring women who are married and have children. It is much more difficult for married ladies without children - 16% of Russian employers are not happy with them, believing that it will not take even six months for a woman to think about replenishing her family. So arm yourself with optimism and be patient - your situation is not as sad as it is commonly believed.
fateful choice
First of all, it is worth deciding what you are ready for in order to conquer career heights? It is no secret that working eight hours a day is not enough for professional growth in a reputable company. Willingness to be in touch after hours, overtime, and possibly business trips - this is what employers expect from professionals who claim career growth and high income. And although the Labor Code is definitely on your side, it is worth weighing all the pros and cons before plunging headlong into building a career. It is possible that the feeling of guilt in front of a child left to grandmothers and nannies will be stronger than job satisfaction and high wages. However, there are many positive examples when an organized mother manages to go to the office and to Kindergarten.
Option one: full-time office work
Be that as it may, it is not necessary to look for a job with the possibility of rapid career growth. Getting a job in a reliable company in your specialty is also worth a lot. Having decided who will take care of the child in your absence - husband, grandmother, nanny or kindergarten, start looking for work.
To get started, refresh your knowledge in the specialty. Most likely, they are somewhat outdated while you were taking care of the family. When looking through vacancy announcements, pay attention to the new requirements for specialists in your profile. You should have a clear idea of what has changed in your field. Read specialized literature, communicate in professional communities on the Internet. If necessary, refresh your knowledge of foreign languages.
When compiling a resume, in the “Marital Status” column, indicate that there is someone to look after the child besides you. This information will put you on the same level as other job applicants.
It is important to emphasize two points in the interview. Firstly, despite the forced break in work, you remained a professional - you read specialized periodicals, took refresher courses, communicate with former colleagues, etc. Secondly, you have reliable assistants in raising a child and you will not have to often take sick leave.
Reduce travel time
You can save two to three hours a day by getting a job close to home. Today, many companies, for financial reasons, prefer to rent an office not in the city center, but in residential areas. Find out which organizations are located in your area and consider employment opportunities with them.
Be sure to indicate your area of residence in your resume: a candidate living near the office will be considered as potentially more loyal to the company. Emphasize this in the interview as well to give you an edge over other applicants.
Option two: work from home
If the constant separation from the child is not for you, you should go the other way, that is, work at home. Remote work (a specialist is on the staff of the company, but works from home), work with a flexible schedule, as well as freelancing are good employment options for young mothers. The benefits of these types of employment have been appreciated by many web designers, journalists, programmers and other employees whose constant presence in the office is not necessary. True, there are also disadvantages of such work - a lower probability of career growth, a lack of professional communication, and in the case of freelancing, there is also the instability of earnings.
In Runet, there are many sites for finding freelance and temporary work. Keep in touch with former colleagues, perhaps they will tell you where there is a need to perform one-time work on your profile. Do not forget about the legal side of the issue: the volume and timing of one-time work must be fixed in the contract (contract or service), as well as wages.
Option three: government agency
Organizations where overtime is not the norm still exist. These are government institutions. For example, many young mothers get a job in a kindergarten attended by their children.
At the interview, when answering the question of why you want to get this job, emphasize your professional interest in the vacancy and frankly say that working twelve hours a day is not for you now, but at the same time you are an organized person and manage to cope with professional tasks within regular working hours.
Most likely, the salary in a state institution will be lower than the average for the market, but you can leave such work at 5-6 pm, and they will treat periodic sick leave there more calmly.
A little about rights
But no matter what form of work a young mother chooses, you need to know that Russian legislation contains many rules designed to protect her interests. Yes, Article 64 Labor Code The Russian Federation prohibits refusing to conclude employment contract women for reasons related to having children. If this happened to you, you have the right to demand an official written refusal from the employer and appeal it in court.
Working mothers are entitled to half-hour breaks every three hours to feed a child up to a year and a half (Article 258). At the request of the woman, the feeding time can be summarized and transferred to the beginning or end of the working day or attached to the lunch break.
According to Article 259 of the Labor Code, send on business trips, involve overtime work, work on weekends and holidays, as well as at night, a woman with a child under three years old is possible only with her written consent.
Why are there no women in Russia - truck drivers or electric train drivers? The point is not that women do not want to go to study for these professions, but that in Russia there is a government decree that directly prohibits hiring women in more than 400 specialties.
Under the cut you will find a complete list of such professions ...
1. Fisherman
Women in Russia are not prohibited from fishing, restrictions apply only to coastal fishing "hand-drawn cast nets, ice fishing with cast nets, fixed nets and venters."
2. Train driver
Women are forbidden to work not only as drivers of electric trains, steam locomotives, diesel locomotives, diesel trains, but also as their assistants.
3. Bus driver
Women are prohibited from working as bus drivers with more than 14 seats. The restriction does not apply to urban and suburban transport.
4. Boatswain
There can be no women boatswains, sailors, skippers and skipper's assistants in Russia.
5. Luggage and carry-on porter at the airport
If you see a woman moving your luggage or hand luggage at the airport, you should know that this is a violation of Russian laws.
6. Bulldozer driver
Women are not allowed to work on tractors, trucks, snowmobiles, bulldozers.
7. Logger
The stump puller and the feller of the forest are non-female professions.
8. Diver
9. Cattle Fighter
Restrictions for women apply in operations with cattle and pigs.
10. Carpenter
And here is a complete list LIST OF HARD WORK AND WORKS WITH HARMFUL OR DANGEROUS WORK CONDITIONS IN WHICH THE USE OF WOMEN'S WORK IS PROHIBITED
I. Work related to lifting and moving
weights manually, in case of exceeding the established norms of maximum permissible loads for women when lifting and moving weights manually
II. Underground works
2. Underground work in the mining industry
III. metalworking
Foundry work
workers:
3. Cupola worker
4. Casting beater engaged in manual knockout
5. Burden loader in cupolas and furnaces, busy loading the charge
manually
6. Casting welder
7. Metal pourer
8. Cutter engaged in work with pneumatic tools
9. Melter of metal and alloys
10. Workers involved in hanging hot castings on a conveyor and
maintenance and repair of equipment in the tunnels of foundries
Welding
11. Gas welder and electric welder of manual welding, working in
closed containers (tanks, boilers, etc.), as well as on high-rise
communication facilities (towers, masts) over 10 meters and climbing
works
Boiler rooms, cold forging, drawing
and pressing works
Work performed by profession:
12. Boilermaker
13. Turner on turning - spinning machines, employed at work
manually
14. Chaser employed at work with manual pneumatic
tool
Forging and pressing and thermal works
Work performed by profession:
15. Bandezhnik engaged in hot work
16. Springer engaged in hot work when winding springs
from wire with a diameter of more than 10 mm
17. Roller, busy rolling rings in a hot state
18. Hot metal springer
Metal plating and painting
19. Sealing inside the caisson - tanks
20. Continuous hot lead work (not
galvanized)
Locksmith and locksmith - assembly work
Work performed by profession:
21. Driller - pneumatic, doing the work
pneumatic tool that transmits vibration to the hands of the worker
22. Locksmith - repairman,
23. Work with lead
IV. Construction, assembly
and repair and construction work
24. Hot repair of furnaces and boiler furnaces
25. Uprooting stumps
26. Fastening of structures and parts using building
- mounting gun
27. Paving, demolition of buildings and structures
28. Punching holes (furrows, niches, etc.) in concrete,
reinforced concrete and stone (brick) structures manually and with
using pneumatic tools
Work performed by profession:
29. Fitting worker engaged in the manual installation of frames, manual,
bending machines and shears
30. Asphalt concrete worker, asphalt concrete worker - welder employed in
manual work
31. Hydromonitor
32. A digger engaged in sinking wells
33. Bricklayer engaged in masonry modular
solid silicate brick
34. Roofer on steel roofs
35. Caisson worker - apparatchik, caisson worker - tunneller, caisson worker -
locksmith, caisson worker - electrician
36. Motor grader driver
37. Asphalt distributor driver, truck driver
38. Concrete pump operator, machinist
mobile bitumen melting plant
39. Bulldozer driver
40. Grader driver - elevator
41. Mobile asphalt mixer driver
42. Asphalt paver driver
43. Single bucket excavator driver, excavator driver
rotary (ditcher and trencher)
44. The driver of an electric welding mobile unit with
internal combustion engine
45. Mobile power station driver working on
power plants with an internal combustion engine with a capacity of 150
hp and more
46. Communications assembler - antenna operator, busy working at height
47. Assembler for the installation of steel and reinforced concrete structures
when working at height and climbing
48. Solderer for lead (lead solderer)
49. Carpenter
50. Locksmith - a plumber engaged in the repair of sewer
networks
51. Pipe laying of industrial reinforced concrete pipes
52. Piping of industrial brick pipes
V. Mining
Open pit mining and surface operating
and mines under construction, enrichment, agglomeration,
briquetting
Works performed in the general professions of mining and
mining works:
53. Hole driller
54. Explosive, master explosives
55. Miner for the prevention and extinguishing of fires
56. Delivery of fixing materials to the mine
57. Fastener
58. Blacksmith - driller
59. Drilling rig operator
60. Loader driver
61. Machine operator for drilling mine shafts with a full section
62. Excavator driver
63. Tipper engaged in manual rolling and rolling of trolleys
64. Drifter
65. Stem, busy feeding trolleys into the stands manually
way
66. Cleaner busy cleaning bunkers
67. Electrician (mechanic) on duty and repair
equipment maintenance and repair of equipment
68. Crusher engaged in crushing hot pitch in
alumina production
69. Calciner engaged in the process of burning raw materials and
materials in mercury production
70. Workers and masters of concentrating and crushing -
sorting factories
71. Workers employed in lead enrichment shops
72. Workers and foremen engaged in the enrichment of niobium
(loparite) ores
Construction of subways, tunnels and underground
special purpose facilities
Work performed by profession:
73. Mining Equipment Installer
74. Drifter on surface work
Ore mining
Work performed by profession:
75. Placer Miner
76. Chisel Loader
77. Drager
78. Dredge sailor
79. Dredge driver
80. Rocket driver
Extraction and processing of peat
Work performed by profession:
81. Ditcher
82. Grubber
83. Machine operator for the extraction and processing of sod peat
84. The driver of machines for the preparation of peat deposits for
exploitation
85. Peat excavator driver
86. Peat worker, busy felling trees, on the pavement
peat bricks
VI. Exploration
and topographic and geodetic works
Work performed by profession:
92. Explosive, master explosives
93. Installer of geodetic signs
94. Electrician (mechanic) on duty and repair
field equipment
VII. Drilling of the wells
Work performed by profession:
95. Driller of operational and exploratory drilling of wells
for oil and gas
96. Vyshkomontazhnik, vyshkomontazhnik - welder, vyshkomontazhnik -
electrician
97. Drilling rig operator
98. Well Cementing Engineer
99. Cementing unit minder, cement minder -
sand mixing unit
100. Pipe presser
101. Assistant driller of operational and exploration
drilling wells for oil and gas (first)
102. Assistant driller of operational and exploration
well drilling for oil and gas (second)
103. Drilling mud preparer busy preparing
solution manually
104. Drilling rig maintenance fitter, directly employed
on drilling
105. Locksmith - a repairman engaged in the repair of drilling
equipment
106. Toollock installer
107. Electrician for maintenance of drilling rigs
VIII. Oil and gas
Works performed by professions and certain categories
employees:
108. Workover driller
109. Driller of a floating drilling unit at sea
110. Steam mobile dewaxing operator
installations
111. Mobile compressor driver
112. Lift driver
113. Flushing machine driver
114. Hydraulic fracturing operator
115. Well preparation operator for capital and
underground repairs
116. Underground well workover operator
117. Operator for chemical treatment of wells
118. Well Workover Driller Assistant
119. Assistant driller of a floating drilling unit at sea
120. Workers, managers and specialists permanently employed
underground oil production
121. Locksmith for the installation and repair of the foundations of offshore drilling and
flyovers
122. Locksmith - repairman engaged in installation and maintenance
technological equipment and repair of oilfield
equipment
123. Electrician for repair and maintenance
electrical equipment, engaged in maintenance and repair
technological equipment
IX. Ferrous metallurgy
124. Ladle, employed in work with molten metal
125. Metal heater, employed at work in methodical,
chamber furnaces and wells of rolling and pipe production
126. Processor of surface defects of metal, engaged in
work with pneumatic tools
Domain production
Work performed by profession:
127. Horse blast furnace
128. Blast furnace plumber
129. Hearth blast furnace
130. The driver of the wagon - scales
131. Skipova
Steelmaking
Work performed by profession:
132. Filling machine driver
133. Mixer
134. Blocker
135. Furnace reduction of iron and annealing of iron powders
136. Melter of deoxidizers
137. Converter's assistant steelworker
138. Handy steelworker open-hearth furnace
139. Assistant steelmaker of the electroslag remelting plant
140. Electric furnace steelworker's assistant
141. Caster of steel
142. Converter steelmaker
143. Open-hearth furnace steelmaker
144. Steelmaker of electroslag remelting plant
145. Electric furnace steelmaker
rolling production
Work performed by profession:
146. Roller of hot rolling mill
147. Pitch cooker
148. Hot rolling mill assistant
149. Presser - stitcher of rail fasteners
150. Locksmith - a conductor employed in a section rolling
production
Pipe production
Work performed by profession:
151. Sizing mill roller
152. Roller of hot-rolled pipe mill
153. Roller of furnace pipe welding mill
154. Roller of cold-rolled pipe mill
155. Pipe mill roller
156. Pipe drawer employed on non-mechanized mills
157. Pipe calibrator on the press
158. Blacksmith on hammers and presses
159. Handy roller mill of hot-rolled pipes
160. Handy rolling mill for cold-rolled pipes
Ferroalloy production
Works performed by professions and certain categories
workers:
161. Hearth ferroalloy furnaces
162. Smelter engaged in melting and granulation of molten
vanadium pentoxide
163. Ferroalloy smelter
164. Workers engaged in the smelting of silicon alloys in open
arc furnaces
165. Workers engaged in the production of chromium metal and
chromium-containing alloys by aluminothermic method
Coke production
166. Work related to direct employment in
benzene production, hydrotreatment and distillation
167. Barillet
168. Door
169. Crusher
170. Lukovoi
171. Scrubber - a pumper engaged in the maintenance of phenol
installations in the shop for catching coking products
172. Locksmith - a repairman engaged in the maintenance of coke ovens
batteries
X. Non-ferrous metallurgy
Works performed by general professions:
173. Anode pourer, engaged in pouring bottom sections of anodes
in the production of aluminum, silumin and silicon
174. Fitter on the repair of bathtubs, busy drilling
recesses for the cathode rod in the production of aluminum, silumin
and silicon
175. Melter
176. Calciner
177. Locksmith - repairman, electrician for repairs and
maintenance of electrical equipment, employed in the main
metallurgical shops
178. Sinterer
179. A shifter working at furnaces in the production of tin
Production of non-ferrous and rare metals,
production of powders from non-ferrous metals
180. Works performed by workers and craftsmen engaged in
workshops (departments and sites) for the production of tetrachloride
titanium (tetrachloride)
181. Works performed by workers and craftsmen engaged in
workshops for chlorination of loparite concentrate
182. Works performed by workers and foremen engaged in
workshops (departments and sites) for the recovery of tetrachloride and
metal separation in the production of metallic titanium
183. Works performed by workers and foremen engaged in
departments (on sites) of chlorination and rectification of titanium
raw materials (slag)
184. Work performed by workers employed in the department
processing of slag by sublimation at a fuming plant in
tin production
185. Work performed by workers employed in smelters
workshops, as well as for the processing of cinders in the production of mercury
Work performed by profession:
186. Anode in aluminum production
187. Titanium sponge beater
188. Pourer - pourer of metal
189. Cathodic
190. Converter
191. Capacitor
192. Installer of reaction apparatus, engaged in the installation and
dismantling baths and furnaces, repairing and restoring reaction
devices
193. Mercury Beater
194. Furnace in the production of zinc dust
195. Furnace on Welz stoves
196. Pechevoi on reduction and distillation of titanium and rare
metals
197. Furnace for recovery of nickel powder
198. Furnace for processing titanium-containing and rare-earth
materials
199. Sludger of electrolyte baths, busy cleaning baths by hand
way
200. Molten salt cell
Forming non-ferrous metals
201. Work performed by a hot metal rolling worker employed
in rolling of non-ferrous metals and their alloys
Production of aluminum by electrolytic method
202. Work performed by workers and foremen
Alumina production
203. The work performed by the operator of material handling equipment employed on
repair work in hard-to-reach places of pneumatic and
hydraulic loaders
XI. Repair of equipment of power plants and networks
Work performed by profession:
204. Electrician for the repair of overhead power lines,
engaged in climbing work repairing high-voltage lines
power transmission
205. Electrician for the repair and installation of cable lines,
engaged in the repair of cable glands with lead litharge and soldering
lead cable sleeves and sheaths
XII. Production of abrasives
Work performed by profession:
206. Balancer - filler of abrasive circles, busy
lead-filled abrasive products
207. Bulldozer driver employed in the hot dismantling of furnaces
resistance in the production of abrasives
208. Melter of abrasive materials
209. A miner employed in a corundum shop
210. Disassembler of resistance furnaces, employed in the workshop
silicon carbide production
XIII. Electrical production
Works performed by general professions:
211. Mercury Distiller
212. Shaper of mercury rectifiers, performing work with
open mercury
Electric coal production
213. Work performed by workers in the smelting of pitch
cable production
Work performed by profession:
214. Presser of cables with lead or aluminum, employed
hot pressing with lead
215. Stripper of sheaths from cable products, busy filming
only lead sheaths
Production of chemical current sources
Work performed by profession:
216. Caster of products from lead alloys
217. Dry mass mixer (for lead batteries)
218. Smelter of lead alloys
219. The cutter of battery plates, engaged in stamping -
separation of molded lead plates
XIV. Radio engineering and electronic production
Work performed by profession:
220. Tester of parts and instruments, engaged in testing
devices in thermal vacuum chambers at a temperature of +28 degrees. From and above and
-60 deg. C and below, subject to direct presence in them
221. Caster of magnets on furnaces - molds
222. Smelter of shoopsalloy and bismuth
XV. Production and repair of aircraft
Work performed by profession:
223. Aircraft engine repairman and repairman
units engaged in the repair of motors and units operating on
leaded gasoline
XVI. Shipbuilding and ship repair
Work performed by profession:
224. Reinforcing concrete ships, busy working on
vibrating tables, vibrating platforms, cassette units and with manual
vibrators
225. Ship bender employed in hot bending
226. Ship's boilermaker
227. Painter, ship insulator, employed in painting work in
tanks, second bottom area, warm boxes and other
hard-to-reach areas of ships, as well as during cleaning works
old paint in the indicated areas of the vessels
228. Coppersmith for the manufacture of ship products, employed in
hot jobs
229. Ship carpenter working in closed compartments of ships
230. Employees of the commissioning team at mooring, factory and
state tests
231. Ship's chopper, employed at work with manual
pneumatic tool
232. Metal ship hull assembler employed in
sectional, block and slipway assembly of surface vessels with
constant combination of their work with electric tack,
gas cutting and metal processing with manual pneumatic
tools, as well as in the repair of ships
233. Locksmith - mechanic for testing installations and equipment,
engaged in the adjustment and testing of marine diesel engines in closed
premises and inside courts
234. Locksmith - fitter ship, employed in the installation inside
ships under repair
235. Locksmith - ship repairer, employed at work inside ships
236. Shipbuilder - repairman
237. Ship rigger
238. Pipeline ship
XVII. Chemical production
Works performed in chemical industries by profession and
certain categories of workers:
239. Melting operator engaged in melting and refining
pitch
240. A steamer engaged in tearing - stripping rubber
Production of non-organic products
Calcium carbide production
241. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
furnaces and manual crushing of carbide
Phosgene production
242. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
technological stages
Production of mercury and its compounds
243. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
technological stages, except for productions with remote
management
Production of yellow phosphorus
244. Workers, shift managers and specialists,
directly engaged in the maintenance of shaft slotted furnaces,
roasting and sintering furnaces, fines granulation plants, in
phosphorus electric sublimation departments, filling phosphorus
tanks, maintenance of storage tanks of phosphorus, phosphoric
sludge, sludge distillation and flammable slag processing
Production of phosphorus trichloride
and phosphorus pentasulphide
245. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
technological stages
Production of chlorine by the mercury method
246. Workers employed at technological stages
Production of liquid chlorine and chlorine dioxide
247. Workers employed at technological stages
Carbon disulfide production
248. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
compartments: retort and condensation
Works with fluorine, hydrogen fluoride and fluorides
249. Workers, managers and specialists (except for works
performed in laboratories using hydrofluoric acid and
fluorides)
Production of arsenic and arsenic compounds
250. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
technological stages
Silicon tetrachloride production
251. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
technological stages
Industrial iodine production
252. Workers engaged in the extraction of iodine
Production of organic products
Production of benzatron and its chlorine
and bromo derivatives, vilontron
253. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
technological stages
Production of aniline, paranitroaniline,
aniline salts and fluxes
254. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
technological stages
Production of benzidine and its analogues
255. Workers, managers, specialists and other employees,
employed directly in production and at the dissolution station
specified products
Production of carbon tetrachloride,
golovaks, rematola, sovol
256. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
technological stages
Chloropicrin production
257. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
technological stages
Production of catalysts containing arsenic
258. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
technological stages
Production of cyram, mercury-
and arsenic-containing pesticides
259. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
technological stages
Chloroprene production
260. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
technological stages
Production of chloroprene rubber and latex
261. Workers employed in the technological stages of polymerization
and product isolation
Production of ethyl liquid
262. Workers, managers and specialists employed in
technological stages
Production of benzene, toluene, xylene
263. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
technological stages
Paint and varnish production
Production of lead litharge and red lead, lead
kronov, white, lead green and yarmedyanka
264. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
technological stages
Manufacture of chemical fibers and threads
265. Regeneration operator engaged in regeneration
carbon disulfide
266. Operators employed in contact molding
large-sized products with an area of 1.5 square meters. m and more
Production of medicines, medical, biological
preparations and materials
Production of antibiotics
267. Filtration operator engaged in filter disassembly and assembly
- presses with a frame size of more than 500 mm manually
Obtaining morphine from opium - raw
268. Filtration operator engaged in disassembly and assembly
filter - presses with a frame size of more than 500 mm manually
Androgen production
269. Operator for the production of synthetic hormones, busy
preparations of testosterone and its derivatives
XVIII. Production and processing of rubber compounds
Work performed by profession:
270. A vulcanizer engaged in loading, unloading products in
boilers with a length of more than 6 meters, vulcanization of propeller shafts
271. Rubber mixer driver
272. Workers employed in departments: cold vulcanization,
elaboration of radol and facts
273. Repairer of rubber products, engaged in the manufacture
and repair of large rubber parts and products, on
vulcanization of reinforced parts (large tires, rubber
fuel tanks, reservoirs, conveyor belts, etc.)
Production, retreading and repair of tires
274. Works performed by a vulcanizer, tire assembler
(heavy)
XIX. Oil, gas, shale and coal processing, generation
synthetic petroleum products, petroleum oils and lubricants
Works performed by professions and certain categories
employees:
275. Coke cleaner
276. Coke unloader
277. Workers, shift managers and specialists employed in
process units for leaded gasoline
278. Workers employed in extraction shops and departments
production of aromatic hydrocarbons
279. Workers involved in the preparation of arsenic solutions at
sulphurous petroleum gas treatment
XX. Logging and timber rafting
logging work
280. Loading and unloading of round timber (for
except for balances, a mine rack and firewood up to 2 meters long)
281. Stacking round timber (excluding
balances, a mine rack and firewood up to 2 meters long)
Work performed by profession:
282. Logger
283. Lumberjack engaged in felling, bucking whips and
hilling longitude, chopping firewood, harvesting and cutting stump
pitching, as well as harvesting wood using manual
tools
284. Navalchik - a piler of timber,
285. Choker
Timber rafting
Work performed by profession:
286. Alloyer
287. Rigger engaged in loading and unloading rigging
288. Raft shaper
XXI. Production of pulp, paper,
cardboard and products from them
Work performed by profession:
289. Operator for the preparation of chemical solutions, employed in
dissolving chlorine
290. Impregnation operator employed in production
anti-corrosion and inhibition paper
291. Fibrous cooker
292. Pulp cook
293. Treesteam
294. Pyrite crusher
295. Loader of balances in defibrers
296. Loader of pyrites, sulfur furnaces and turms
297. Sulphate loader
298. Acid
299. Mixer
300. Acid tank builder
301. Fiber sawmill
302. Impregnator of paper and paper products engaged in impregnation
fibers
303. Sulfuric acid regenerator
304. Locksmith - repairman, oiler, cleaner of industrial and
office space, electrician for repair and maintenance
electrical equipment engaged in the production of sulfite pulp and
sulfurous acid
305. Cooper
306. Dryer of a paper (cardboard) machine,
employed in high-speed paper and board making
machines operating at speeds of 400 or more meters per minute
307. Chlorist
XXII. Cement production
308. Work performed by workers in the treatment of sludge
pools and chatterboxes
XXIII. Stone processing and production
stone products
Work performed by profession:
309. Stone pourer
310. Stonesmith
311. Stonecutter
312. Mill driver engaged in breaking diabase rubble in
powder
313. Stone processing equipment adjuster
314. Stone sawer
315. Stone cutter
XXIV. Production of reinforced concrete
and concrete products and structures
316. Work as a cutter of concrete and reinforced concrete products
XXV. Production of thermal insulation materials
Work performed by profession:
317. Bitumen worker
318. Cupola worker
XXVI. Soft roof production
and waterproofing materials
319. Works performed by the loader of digesters
XXVII. Manufacture of glass and glass products
Work performed by profession:
320. Kvartseduv (except for those engaged in the manufacture of products with a diameter
up to 100 mm and wall thickness up to 3 mm)
321. Quartz Smelter
322. Mirror dyer working with mercury
323. Composer of the charge, engaged in manual work using
red lead
324. Halmovator
Manufacture of leather shoes
341. Work as a molder of parts and products employed on machines
type "Anklepf"
XXIX. food industry
342. Baling of corrugated production waste
Works performed in general professions of food production
products:
343. Diffusion operator servicing diffusers
periodic action when loading manually
344. Ice harvester engaged in the harvesting of ice in reservoirs and
stacking it up in riots
345. Bone Charcoal Maker
346. Cleaning machine operator engaged in dismantling
separators manually
Production of meat products
Work performed by profession:
347. Cattle fighter engaged in operations of stunning, hooking,
bleeding of large and small cattle and pigs;
gutting, shooting cattle skins by hand;
sawing carcasses; scalds and singes of pig carcasses and heads; carcass processing
cattle in a horizontal way
348. Skinner
349. Hide processor
Extraction and processing of fish
350. All types of work on fishing, search and receiving -
transport ships
351. Turning fish barrels by hand
Work performed by profession:
352. Loader - unloader of food products, engaged in
loading grates with canned food into autoclaves manually
353. Processor of a sea animal engaged in the skinning of skins
sea animal
354. Fish processor engaged in pouring - unloading fish
manually from vats, chests, ships, slots and other navigable
containers; mixing fish in salted vats by hand
355. Presser - a wringer of food products, employed in
pressing (squeezing) fish in barrels by hand
356. Receiver of watercraft
357. Coastal fisherman engaged in hand-drawn
nets, ice fishing on cast nets, fixed nets and
ventilation
Bakery production
358. Work performed by a tester employed in dough mixers
machines with rolling bowls with a capacity of more than 330 liters with
moving them manually
Tobacco - shag and fermentation production
359. Work performed by an auxiliary worker employed
transporting bales of tobacco
Perfume and cosmetic production
360. Work performed by a worker engaged in grinding
amidochloric mercury
Extraction and production of table salt
Work performed by profession:
361. Salt loader in pools
362. Pool preparer
363. Track worker on the lake
XXX. Rail transport and metro
Works performed by professions and certain categories
workers:
364. Accumulator repairer of lead batteries
365. The driver of the trolley and his assistant, working on
366. Freight train conductor
367. Stoker locomotives in the depot
368. Diesel train driver and his assistant
369. The engine driver and his assistant, working on
broad gauge railway lines
370. Locomotive driver and his assistant
371. Locomotive driver and his assistant
372. The driver of the traction unit and his assistant
373. Electric locomotive driver and his assistant
374. Electric train driver and his assistant
375. The fitter of the path (if the established norms are exceeded,
permissible loads for women when lifting and moving heavy loads
manually)
376. Porter engaged in the movement of luggage and hand luggage
377. Inspector - repairman of wagons
378. Puncher - pipe blower
379. Conductor for escorting cargo and special wagons, busy
cargo escort on open rolling stock
380. Washer of steam locomotive boilers
381. Impregnation of lumber and wood products, employed
impregnated with oil antiseptics
382. Speed controller of carriages
383. Rolling stock repairman performing
works:
for the repair of headsets on steam locomotives during their warm washing;
in fire and smoke boxes;
for blowing out the bottom and gutters of the electric rolling stock and
locomotives with electric transmission;
for disassembly, repair and assembly of drain devices and
safety valves, for inspection and filling of drain valves The original article is on the website InfoGlaz.rf Link to the article from which this copy is made -
