How is production developing? How to develop your business from scratch: a real example What is needed for the development of production

Hello! Today we will talk about a small business for mini-production. The opening of a small production is becoming relevant against the backdrop of changing economic relations. In particular, the country's policy aimed at import substitution.

Start your business small manufacturing enterprise- this is an excellent opportunity to enter both the domestic market and, possibly, in the future, the external one. Why not?! Especially for the readers of our site, we have collected 35 production business ideas for small businesses.

The relevance of small business for mini-production

Today, more than ever, a small manufacturing business is relevant. Those who think the other way around are in vain, because every day more and more investments are flowing into the development of domestic production in our country.

A few years ago, I visited Europe for the first time and was very surprised why some such simple production ideas could not be organized in our country. For example, in Eastern Europe, at the entrance to almost any village, you can see a huge variety of wood, plaster and plastic products for decorating a garden plot, from garden gnomes and flamingos to ready-made arbors and small fountains.

Almost 10 years have passed, and just a couple of years ago, in my city, I noticed that local figures also organized such production at home. And there are many such ideas. The main thing is to start in time and find your consumer.

Today's article has been prepared just to give some of you the idea of organizing your own mini-production and tell what is now profitable for small businesses to produce.

35 Small Manufacturing Business Ideas

Below we have prepared for you a selection of 35 mini-production business ideas that can be implemented in both a small and a big city. Some can be opened even at home.

But also read other collections of business ideas on our website:

And useful articles for starting a business:

Business idea number 1 - Production of car covers

Investments up to 50,000 rubles.

: you buy the necessary equipment, find patterns for car covers and start looking for buyers who are interested in such products. You make a cover individually for each machine, having previously discussed all the details with the customer.

Relevance

A car cover is an indispensable thing for every car. It protects it from rain, scratches and sunlight. But such products are less in demand than car seat covers. They are easier to produce, and the demand is much higher. Therefore, an entrepreneur who decides to open a production for sewing covers needs to think about the variety of manufactured products.

Implementation of the idea

To start working, you need to register as an individual entrepreneur, find and rent a room, purchase tools and equipment, hire a minimum staff, and distribute advertising.

The income of such a business depends on the quality of the advertising campaign. The better you advertise your product, the more orders will come, respectively, the higher the profit.

Business idea number 2 - Furniture production

Investments are about 500,000 rubles.

The essence of the project – opening of a workshop for the production of modern models of frame and upholstered furniture according to individual parameters.

Relevance

This service is very popular and shows a high growth rate in its market segment. This is due to an increase in the income level of some segments of the population and the desire of the middle class to design housing in an original way. The most popular is cabinet furniture. It is purchased not only for residential premises, but also for offices, educational and medical institutions. Such a business project will become relevant in cities with a population of 250 thousand or more.

Over time, in a crowded place, you can open a point where orders will be taken. Making furniture is not as difficult as it seems at first glance, and in some cases the profitability reaches 200%.

Implementation of the idea

In order to implement this business idea, it is necessary to issue an IP. After that, find a room (with an area of at least 50 m²) in which the production workshop will be located, purchase a minimum set of tools, agree with the supplier of materials on regular supplies of all necessary blanks, hire (if necessary) personnel.

The initial cost of such a project:

acquisition of the necessary tools for work;
remuneration and staff training;
purchase of fittings and production materials;
service advertising.

The profitability and payback of the furniture workshop depends entirely on the volume of production and sales. Average trade markup per certain types headsets or cabinets can vary in the amount of 50-200 percent. Such a business requires large financial investments in the first months, but can pay off after a year of stable work and advertising costs.

Business idea number 3 - Production of frameless furniture

Investments - from 100,000 rubles.

The essence of the project - opening of a manufacturing enterprise for the development and tailoring of models of frameless modern furniture.

Relevance

Stylish and non-standard pouffes, voluminous armchairs with soft padding and bright design decorate youth and children's rooms, game rooms. The possibility of creating an original product makes such a business project in demand and interesting.

Implementation of the idea

To implement the idea, it is necessary to find suppliers of high-quality materials, to involve experienced designers in the work. In addition, expenses include:

purchase of professional equipment for tailoring;
staff content.

At the first stage, it is better to sell frameless furniture through the developed website of the store, to conclude agreements with large furniture centers and salons.
According to experienced entrepreneurs, such a project is able to reach self-sufficiency in three months. With an average cost of 1,000 rubles for one chair with filler, its retail price starts at 2,500 rubles with a minimal design. An increase in profits will bring work with individual sketches and orders from design bureaus.

Business idea number 4 - Making wicker furniture

Initial investment of funds - up to 100,000 rubles.

The essence of the project

This "creative" business idea is to open a private workshop for the production of beautiful and unusual furniture from natural wicker.

Relevance

This eco-friendly material is once again on the wave of popularity. It is used to produce headsets for the dining area and relaxation, which can be placed in the country house or in the apartment. In addition to furniture, decorative items for the kitchen, Easter baskets or flower stands are in demand.

Implementation of the idea

You can equip such a workshop in any small room and work without the involvement of personnel. The biggest problem is the purchase of high-quality raw materials, so many real craftsmen prefer to harvest the willow on their own. Willow twigs can be cut in any season and not stored indoors. This helps to reduce the cost of wickerwork and increases profitability.

You can save on renting a retail space by taking orders and advertising products through an online store. A good profit comes from cooperation with furniture stores and design studios, the development of exclusive projects to the taste of the customer. This project can bring a net profit of at least 30,000 rubles and pay off in just 2 months of work.

Business idea number 5 - Production of colored gravel

The essence of the idea is as follows : you buy ordinary crushed stone, repaint it, pack it in small bags and find points of sale for finished products.

Relevance

Colored gravel is very widely used in landscape design. It is small particles of marble or granite painted in different colors. The paint has unique properties due to which the color does not change over time. Such a business can be started with a minimum set of tools, but you will have to hire several workers. These may be people without any education, which can cut costs.

Implementation of the idea

To implement a business idea, you must officially register your activities and find a room for drying the material. After that, purchase crushed granite or marble, acrylic dye and the necessary set of tools and equipment (concrete mixer, screen). Then you can look for points of sale for finished products.

It is quite profitable to produce colored gravel. The average price per ton of ordinary crushed stone is 2,000 rubles, and a bag weighing 20-25 kg of colored crushed stone costs 300 rubles.

Business idea No. 6 - Workshop for the production of tiles from wild stone

Investments from 50 000 rubles. up to 100 000 rubles

The essence of the idea is as follows : you find deposits of sandstone, establish its extraction, transport it to the workshop. After that, it remains to process a wild stone and find a buyer, or a point of sale for finished products.

Relevance

Tiles made from wild stone have always been distinguished by high strength and wear resistance. Because of this, most people prefer this finishing material. The production of wild stone tiles is quite profitable business for residents of the European part of the Russian Federation, because the main deposits of sandstone are located in this area. In this case, the cost of transporting raw materials will be minimal, and the profit will be maximum.

Implementation of the idea

Before you start implementing this business idea, you need to find sandstone deposits. If the field is located close to the workshop, then you can register as an individual entrepreneur, purchase the necessary tools and equipment. After that, it remains to organize advertising company and find buyers.

The income from such a business can be high if you manage to establish all the production processes. There will always be buyers for quality goods, so the money invested will be returned within a few months.

Business idea number 7 - Making tombstones

The amount of initial investment is 300,000 rubles.

The essence of the project

The basis of this commercial project is the opening of an enterprise for the production of tombstones and related paraphernalia from artificial stone, concrete or other materials. This service is always in demand, but it is distinguished by a high degree of competition in the market for the provision of such funeral services.

Implementation of the idea

You can set up such a business in a small room such as a garage or stay outside the city near the burial sites. This will help reduce rental costs and reduce costs. Additional costs to get started:

purchase of special equipment and tools for work and installation;
acquisition of molds for pouring mixtures;
purchase of a machine for complex engraving;
solving problems with the delivery of the finished monument to the installation site.

The cost of a complete set of tombstones with engraving is from 20,000 rubles. The selling price is 40,000 rubles with a 100% markup. This makes it possible to develop production, purchase non-standard forms and improve skills. It is possible to increase competitiveness by offering exclusive monuments and steles, high quality and durability of ritual products.

Business idea No. 8 - Penoizol production workshop

Investments from 460,000 rubles.

The essence of the business project - organization of the production process, involving the manufacture of penoizol, its sale to consumers, wholesale buyers.

Relevance

The new building material is steadily gaining popularity due to its high heat-conducting and insulating qualities. Given the low cost of penoizol, the constant demand for it from builders of various facilities, such a workshop will quickly pay for itself and become a good means of investing capital in the coming years.

Implementation of the idea

To open a business you will need:

small production area;
special equipment;
raw materials for production;
car for transport services.

Penoizol can be sold through wholesale intermediaries, at retail, or by entering into a contract with construction hypermarkets. A simple technology allows you to deliver the equipment directly to the client at the construction site and work in any area. With the low cost of penoizol and a trade margin of 70-80%, you can completely reach the threshold of self-sufficiency in six months from the start of work. This material is most relevant in the warm season.

Business idea number 9 - Cinder block manufacturing

Investments from 200,000 rubles.

The essence of the idea - organization of the production process for the manufacture of cinder blocks for sale for construction purposes.

Relevance

This material is widely used in the construction of residential buildings, industrial facilities, the construction of walls and outbuildings. The location of such a workshop near large cities or transport hubs will allow reaching regular orders from wholesale buyers, construction teams, and developers.

Implementation of the idea

For implementation, a small team of 3-4 employees is enough, premises with convenient access roads. The main costs fall on the following items:

rent of industrial premises, warehouse;
purchase of the necessary equipment for production;
purchase of raw materials;
payroll expenses.

The highest percentage of profit falls on the warm months, when most construction projects are being built. With a full daily workload of the workshop, you can get 350 high-quality cinder blocks daily at a cost of 38 rubles per one. With a market price of 60 rubles, you can calculate that the daily income is 7700 rubles. At such a rate of production, in just two months, it is possible to recoup the purchase of equipment and basic costs. In winter, savings can be achieved by producing products in stock.

Important! This production is not subject to mandatory certification.

Business idea number 10 - Production of expanded clay blocks

Investments - 250,000 rubles.

The essence of the idea - opening of a production workshop for the production of expanded clay blocks, its implementation to contractors, consumers.

Relevance

A modern and lightweight type of building material is popular in the arrangement of residential premises and buildings, the construction of outbuildings. The relevance is due to stable demand in the off-season, a high degree of profitability.

Implementation of the idea

To implement the production process, it is necessary to find a large utility room with good transport interchange, a warehouse for finished products. Most of the financial costs:

purchase of special equipment for production (concrete mixers, vibrating tables);
rent of a platform for drying blocks;
utilities for the maintenance of the workshop.

Additional costs - payment of transport for the delivery of raw materials, wage shop and warehouse workers.

A full work shift yields 1,000 good quality expanded clay blocks at an average cost of 20 rubles. A trading margin of 50% will give a daily profit of 10,000 rubles from one shift. By increasing the number of hours of work, it is possible to recoup all investments in the project in a few months.

Business idea No. 11 - Production of gas and foam concrete

Minimum investment - 540,000 rubles .

The essence of the business idea – equipment for a mini-factory for the production of gas or foam concrete with subsequent sale to construction organizations.

Relevance

New types of material successfully replace the usual concrete due to their practicality and low price. It is increasingly used for the construction of buildings for any purpose. The relevance of the project is due to the constant demand for gas and foam concrete, a simple process of its production.

Implementation of the idea

To open such a mini-production, the future owner must:

choose a production facility with a warehouse and convenient transport routes;
purchase equipment for the manufacture of products;
train workers;
purchase raw materials from suppliers.

A small plant can produce 10 cubic meters per shift. quality building material. With equal volumes of foam and aerated concrete, the amount of monthly turnover can reach 650,000 rubles. Net income after deducting all direct and indirect expenses is 200,000 rubles. While maintaining such volumes of production and sales, the mini-factory will be able to switch to self-sufficiency in six months.

Business Idea No. 12 - Production of polystyrene concrete

The initial investment amount is 300,000 rubles.

The essence of the project

The basis is the opening of production facilities for the production of polystyrene concrete for the purpose of subsequent sale to consumers.

Relevance

New building material is being actively introduced in the construction of various buildings and premises. Due to its high thermal conductivity and versatility, polystyrene concrete is increasingly replacing conventional stone and showing growth in terms of sales. The market is just beginning to develop, so there is little competition among manufacturers.

Implementation of the idea

To organize the production process, an entrepreneur needs to analyze the market for sales and solve the following questions:

procurement of the necessary raw materials and components for production;
purchase equipment and special forms;
train personnel in technology.

A workshop can be opened outside the city to save on rent and provide a full-fledged entrance for heavy vehicles. Sales should be sought through advertising on Internet resources and cooperation with large construction companies. With a cost of one cube of 2,000 rubles and stable sales, monthly income can reach 400,000 rubles during the season of active construction.

Business idea number 13 - Production of artificial marble

The minimum investment is 1,000,000 rubles.

The essence of the business idea – opening of a small production workshop for the production of artificial marble of different colors.

Relevance

This type of design material is in high demand among companies that are engaged in decorating rooms, manufacturing kitchen sets or original piece products. The relevance of the business is due to the low cost and ease of manufacture of artificial stone.

Implementation of the idea

It is better to organize the production process on a specially rented area. It must have connected communications and convenient access roads for the shipment of finished material. For a complete manufacturing cycle, a minimum number of personnel, special equipment and grinding equipment will be required.

Having a spectacular appearance, artificial marble has a low cost. The average level of profitability of such enterprises is in the range of 40-50%. Monthly turnovers increase significantly in the warm season and can exceed 200,000 rubles. High demand for artificial marble and stable sales volumes of finished products make it possible to fully recoup the invested amount in 6-10 months.

Business Idea #14 - Neon Sign Production

Investments from 500,000 rubles.

Relevance

Such production will be relevant in the conditions of constant development of the sphere of trade and entertainment in a big city. Despite stable demand, competition in this type of advertising business is quite low.

Implementation of the idea

To open an enterprise, you will need a small non-residential premises, the purchase or leasing of a mini-factory for the production of neon products. In addition, costs will require:

purchase of components for production;
the cost of training glassblowers;
salaries of account managers;
office space maintenance.

The minimum cost of a neon strip produced and assembled starts from 1,000 rubles per meter at a cost of 700 rubles. This gives a net income of 300 rubles. Depending on the features of the configuration, shade or complexity of installation, the price increases significantly. Fast turnover and reaching self-sufficiency depends on the number of customers, so advertising of your services, high quality of work, advertising from satisfied customers plays an important role.

Business idea number 15 - Production of metal doors

Investments from 500,000 rubles.

The essence of the idea - opening of a production workshop for the manufacture of metal doors of various models and types, their subsequent implementation and installation at the request of the customer.

Relevance

Competition in the sector is quite high, but there is always a demand for inexpensive and high-quality products in the middle price range. Offering an excellent balance of quality, comprehensive service and affordable cost, you can realize a profitable project.

Implementation of the idea

To open a small workshop in terms of area and capacity, you will need a room far from the center, but with good transport interchange. In addition, an initial purchase is required:

production equipment;
tools for the assembly team;
material and accessories.

A small workshop can produce 200 metal doors per month on average. Having laid a profitability of 25% in the selling price of a standard door (7,000-9,000 rubles, depending on the configuration), we can talk about a monthly income of over 300,000 rubles. For a constant increase in turnover, active advertising is required, the conclusion of contracts with large hardware stores, sales intermediaries.

Business Idea No. 16 - Antifreeze Production

Investments - 300,000 rubles.

The essence of such a project - Opening of an enterprise that will produce various chemical fluids for car maintenance.

Relevance

The relevance of the business does not require a special analysis of the market and target audience. Despite the crisis, the number of cars is only growing, and many owners are trying to reduce the cost of their maintenance through the use of domestic products. By producing antifreeze, car shampoos and other high-quality goods, you can quickly acquire worthy wholesale customers with bulk orders.

Implementation of the idea

The production is not technologically complex, but requires investments related to its opening:

rent of a large premises, warehouse;
hiring staff (no more than 4 people);
purchase or leasing of equipment;
purchase of packaging materials;
purchase of a certain number of reagents.

Such a business can be expanded by introducing popular types of products that are similar in composition to antifreeze. In addition to the main wholesale buyers, it is necessary to offer services to auto shops of enterprises, salons or retail stores. This will ensure a constant workload of capacities and will give access to self-sufficiency approximately in a year.

Business idea No. 17 - Organization of production for tailoring workwear

Investments - from 200,000 rubles.

The essence of the idea - organization of the complete process of development, implementation and tailoring of original and classic models of overalls for personnel of various institutions.

Relevance

Such goods are necessary for many organizations, societies, industrial enterprises. Small studios are more in demand in terms of small orders with logos for cafes, hotels, restaurants, private medical centers.

Implementation of the idea

To open such an enterprise, it is enough to attract a small team of professionals. The choice of location does not play a role in the advertising of the atelier, so renting in a residential area can provide significant cost savings. An expensive purchase will be:

a set of professional sewing equipment;
a set of necessary accessories;
purchase of specialized fabrics.

The profitability of this type of sewing business is much higher than that of standard ateliers due to the volume of each order, the individual characteristics of clothing. Therefore, the first months of work can bring a net profit of up to 50,000 rubles, assuming that all organizational expenses are covered already in the first half of the year.

Business Idea No. 18 - Mirror Manufacturing

Approximate investment - up to 200,000 rubles.

Relevance

Mirror making is a new type of small business project that is gaining momentum. Interest in such a product is constantly shown by companies engaged in the manufacture of modern furniture, interesting renovations of premises and office design. Demand generates the production of decorative mirrors, special tiles with a similar effect.

Implementation of the idea

The manufacturing process at first glance will seem complicated, but it will require a small list of costs, among which stand out:

workshop space rental;
purchase of special furniture, cutting table;
acquisition of an initial set of materials and reagents;
shipping costs to the customer.

Partial production of some types of furniture for the workflow on your own can bring good savings. Under such minimum conditions, one shift can produce at least 20 m2 of high-quality mirror at a cost of 1000 rubles per meter. Given that the market price for such a product starts at 1,500 rubles, it is easy to calculate a daily profit of 10,000 rubles. With a constant workload of production with orders, it is possible to reach self-sufficiency in a quarter.

Business Idea No. 19 - Eurofence Production

The minimum investment is 700,000 rubles.

The essence of the project – production of various models of a modern eurofence on the basis of an equipped production workshop.

Relevance

The greatest demand for such construction products is among the owners of private buildings or country houses, residents of holiday villages. A large assortment and an affordable price for eurofences makes this product in demand, and its production is profitable.

Implementation of the idea

To organize an enterprise at the initial stage, you will need:

a small workshop with connected communications;
purchase or leasing of special production equipment;
training of personnel in production skills;
source materials and tools.

Particular attention should be paid to advertising your services. A good effect is the organization of a small exhibition space for the presentation of models and drawings. As a sales option - the conclusion of an agreement with large construction supermarkets or intermediaries.

Such a business project good profit. It should be opened during the active construction season to ensure good sales at the initial stage. Making a quality product and good advertising will help pay off this business idea in a year of work.

Business idea No. 20 - Production of metal-plastic windows

The minimum investment is 450,000 rubles.

The essence of the project

The basis of the new project is a business idea for equipping a fully equipped workshop for the production of door and window blocks from metal-plastic, their installation at the request of the customer.

Relevance

This type of product is in fairly stable demand in cities of any type, confidently replacing wooden structures. Despite the competition, you can securely gain a foothold in the market by offering quality products.

Implementation of the idea

Opening a new enterprise requires certain investments, which will be spent on such items of expenditure as:

rental of premises for production;
maintenance of an office for receiving orders;
purchase of a standard set of tools and equipment for the production workshop and installation work;
training of workers in the technology of manufacturing window blocks;
advertising and site development.

In large and densely populated cities, the average profitability indicator can show 150-300%. It is possible to win against the background of competitors by providing discounts for the installation, repair or warranty service of window blocks. Laminated frames with a wood pattern and custom shapes are gaining popularity. A feature of the business is a sharp decrease in demand during the cold season, which must be taken into account when distributing profits and investments.

Business Idea No. 21 - Production of metal tiles

The amount of capital investments is 2,650,000 rubles.

The essence of the project

The main essence of this business project is the opening of a technologically equipped enterprise for the production of modern metal tiles.

Relevance

A new type of building material is in demand in the construction of low-rise buildings. Its practicality and ease of use can increase interest and occupy a niche of 40% in the market of roofing materials in a few years.

Implementation of the idea

The main amount must be invested in an expensive automated line that can produce almost a complete cycle under the control of one operator. Modern installations do not require a large number of technical personnel for maintenance and quickly pay for themselves. In addition, you need:

rent a room of sufficient size for production and warehouses for finished tiles (transport interchange matters);
determine the types of products produced;
place advertisements among wholesale buyers, construction companies;
solve the problem with the supply of high-quality raw materials.

When fully loaded, the equipment can produce up to 7 meters of quality products in just a minute of operation. With an estimated profitability of the project of 30-40%, you can count on a full payback already in two construction seasons.

Business Idea #22 - Vinyl Siding Production

Estimated investments - more than 1.5 million rubles.

The essence of the project

The basis of the new business project is the opening of an equipped enterprise for the production of colored PVC siding and its sale to wholesale buyers.

Relevance

Practical and versatile building material is increasingly used in the decoration and insulation of private cottages and industrial premises. The market shows stable slight growth on different types vinyl siding up to 7% annually and moderate competition.

Implementation of the idea

The production of vinyl siding is possible with the arrangement of a complete technical line. It has a high cost, so experienced entrepreneurs recommend that beginners pay attention to long-term rental or used models. Additional costs will require:

rent of a large premises for the placement of facilities and a warehouse;
training and wages for hired personnel;
rent or purchase of loading equipment;
advertising and market search for siding.

Given the large initial costs and the cost of resources, the owner should not expect to overcome the payback threshold earlier than after a year of constant work. Sales can drop significantly in the winter season, but rise sharply in the spring. This should be calculated in capacity utilization and cost allocation.

Business idea number 23 - Production of forged products

The initial investment amount is 350,000 rubles.

The essence of the project

The basis of this production idea is the opening of a fully equipped workshop for the production of standard and exclusive products for customers.

Relevance

Unique types of wrought iron gates, fence sections or window bars are increasingly decorating private housing construction. There is a growing demand for hand-forged furniture frames, interesting products that designers use to complement interiors. The competition for such non-standard things is small, but the demand in cities with millions of people is high, so there is room for development for young enterprises.

Implementation of the idea

When preparing for the opening of a new production, it is necessary:

rent a comfortable room for the forge with proper ventilation;
purchase a complete set of specialized equipment and tools;
equip an office for working with clients;
launch a website or online store to get acquainted with the range.

Of great importance is the involvement of a real designer to develop new products. This will help to take a high step in the market and create a circle of regular customers among design bureaus and furniture workshops. One meter of the finished product is sold at a price of 3,000 rubles, with its cost of 1,000 rubles. The completed projects of private forges show a high level of payback and incomes of up to 400,000 rubles per month, which quickly cover all investments.

Business Idea No. 24 - Production of figurines for a garden plot

Estimated expenses - 300,000 rubles.

The essence of the project

This creative business project is the organization of an enterprise or workshop for the production of original decorations for garden plots from plaster, concrete or plastic.

Relevance

Many homeowners of private cottages or country houses want to equip their plots with individuality in an original style. Someone wants to transform the patio of their office building. Figurines of fairy-tale characters and animals, vases, fountains and flower stands are in demand.

Implementation of the idea

To open such a workshop, the owner will need:

rent a small room for work and storage of finished figures;
purchase the necessary set of tools and equipment;
purchase dry mixes and special paints for the first orders;
organize original advertising via the Internet or exhibitions.

Large investments will require the purchase of special molds for casting, the number of which depends on the range. You can stand out from competitors and increase revenues through the production of exclusive products. With the cost of one average figure of 350–500 rubles, its retail price starts at 1,000 rubles. Alternatively, you can offer decorations without coloring for art schools and studios. The average profitability of such financial projects starts from 30-35%.

Business idea number 25 - Making wooden toys

The starting amount of capital is 400,000 rubles.

The essence of the project

This original business idea is to open a workshop or mini-workshop for the production of original children's toys from natural wood. Such a business can be started in a small town.

Relevance

The demand for such safe and environmentally friendly products is only increasing every year among caring parents. Such goods must be certified and manufactured in compliance with all technologies. Montessori toys are back in fashion!

Implementation of the idea

You can equip such a workshop in a garage or an extension of a private house. The main costs that an entrepreneur will face will be:

acquisition of specialized design software for product development;
purchase of special hand equipment and carpentry tools;
training of workers and payment for advanced training courses;
acquisition of a stock of raw materials and materials.

High-quality wood can be purchased at a discount from furniture workshop waste. There is little competition in this toy sector. Making interesting and non-standard models will help to quickly bring regular customers in the form of children's stores and wholesale buyers. The average payback period for this project ranges from one to one and a half years, and the business itself will require certain advertising investments.

Business idea number 26 - Organization of your own winery

Initial investment of funds - from 300,000 rubles.

The essence of the project

Before opening a "drunk" business, it is necessary to thoroughly study the legislation in this area. The essence of the project is the organization of a private winery and the production of homemade quality wines. A good basis can be the use of family recipes, original herbal tinctures. Such products will be in demand among regular customers, restaurants and entertainment venues.

Implementation of the idea

It is better to open your own winery near the location of the vineyards in order to independently control the selection of raw materials. The ideal option would be to break down your own land, but this requires a lot of capital and personal time. At the initial stage, it is better to do with manual labor. With this method, the largest investments will require the purchase of barrels and grape raw materials.

When raising the speed, you can invest in automatic cleaning and filtration systems, powerful presses. As an additional income, many entrepreneurs consider making several types of homemade jams. With the cost of one liter of homemade wine at 50-80 rubles, you can offer it to consumers at a price of 300 rubles and more. This will make the project profitable and help develop it in the future.

Business idea number 27 - Opening your own brewery

The initial investment of funds is 250,000 rubles.

The essence of the project

The basis for the “hoppy” project is the opening of an equipped private brewery for the production of several of its own beers. This type of mini-factory can be located in a small room such as a garage. The high demand for this type of low-alcohol drink will not leave the entrepreneur without profit even in the cold season. Especially, subject to the production of our own delicious varieties of high quality.

Implementation of the idea

To open a small brewery at the initial stage of work, you can get by with a small number of staff and perform some of the technological operations yourself. To start production you will need:

find and re-equip a room with good access for trucks;
purchase equipment for distillation and fermentation, a bottling line;
conduct a market analysis and find wholesale buyers.
organize active advertising of your brand and product.

Even with minimal investment, such a business will begin to pay for itself in a year. The margin on beer may well exceed 100%. The amount of profit depends entirely on the volume of sales of hop products, advertising and production costs, and the seasonality of the product.

Business idea No. 28 - Production and packaging of honey

The essence of the project

This version of the business idea involves the arrangement of a large apiary, the organization of a line for bottling and packaging of sweet products. Interest in proper nutrition and traditional medicine recipes makes such a business project very profitable and relevant.

Implementation of the idea

To equip such apiaries and a mini-packing plant should be in an ecologically clean area. Country plots and cottages are ideal. To get started, you need to solve several practical issues:

equip an apiary in compliance with all requirements, place bee colonies;
purchase equipment for packing honey;
Solve the issue of marketing products and find wholesale buyers.

The first year of operation can be started by placing ten colonies of bees, which will bring at least 500 kg of honey and related products. With an average price of 500 rubles, this will give a profit of 250,000 rubles per season. Packing in small portions in a convenient container will double its cost. Additional volumes can be increased by purchasing honey for packaging at neighboring farms, selling other beekeeping products (propolis, wax or bee bread) to consumers. Despite the seasonality, such a project quickly pays off and brings a high percentage of income.

Business idea No. 29 - Dry breakfast production

Preliminary investments - 1,000,000 rubles.

The essence of the idea - development and arrangement of production facilities for the production of a variety of dry breakfasts, their wholesale.

Relevance

These products are in constant demand among consumers who strive to maintain a proper diet. The relevance of the idea is due to the constant growth of the dry breakfast market (up to 10% per year) and moderate competition.

Implementation of the idea

To implement the project, a production facility will be required to accommodate a workshop and a small warehouse for storing finished products. The main part of financial investments will be distributed between the following items of expenditure:

purchase of special equipment;
purchase of raw materials for breakfast cereals;
staff salaries;
rent for the premises.

One kilogram of a nutritious breakfast produced costs 30 rubles, taking into account all the costs of its production. Under the condition of a five-day working week and a selling price of products of 50 rubles per kilogram, the total amount of turnover profit can be 830,000 rubles. With a stable capacity utilization, such a business project can fully pay off in 9-10 months.

Business idea number 30 - Production of clean drinking water

The initial investment amount is 300,000 rubles.

The essence of the project

Such a business is the opening and equipment of production facilities for the purification and bottling of water into special containers. Such drinking water makes up to 30% of all consumed among the population. It is purchased in stores in different volumes, used for cooking and drinks. The main consumers are catering establishments, institutions (kindergartens, schools, offices) and ordinary families.

Implementation of the idea

To implement this project and open the workshop, it is necessary to resolve several important organizational tasks:

determine the territory for the placement of capacities, where there is minimal competition and there is a sales market;
purchase equipment for the entire cycle;
conclude a contract for the supply of several types of packaging (plastic and glass), as well as for cellophane for packaging;
receive a package of sanitary documents and quality certificates from the relevant authorities.

This project can be planned for the intake of water from a well or water supply, which determines the cost of equipment and the location of the workshop. A business idea can turn out to be quite profitable and pay off in a year. To do this, you need to seriously approach advertising your brand and guarantee excellent quality.

Business Idea No. 31 - Spice Production

The initial investment amount is 300,000 rubles.

The essence of the project

This type of business represents the organization of a manufacturing enterprise for the production and packaging of aromatic spices.

Relevance

Fragrant mixtures are in stable demand among professional cooks and ordinary housewives. Many consumers are discovering unusual tastes, so the market shows strong demand and growth for different types of spices.

Implementation of the idea

It is rational to open this project in warm regions where the necessary raw materials grow. This will help control the quality and save on product transportation. Additional costs include:

rent of workshop premises for packaging and storage of finished products;
purchase of equipment for several types of mixtures and packaging in different containers (bags, glass or plastic);
promotional campaign to increase brand awareness.

At the first stage, the help of an experienced technologist is needed, which will help create compositions that are unique in taste and aroma. With an active approach to advertising and a low price of goods, a business idea shows a profitability level of up to 70%. It begins to pay off already after two months of constant capacity utilization. The main difficulty is finding suppliers of high-quality raw materials abroad.

Business idea number 32 - Greenhouse production

Initial capital investment - up to 200,000 rubles.

The essence of the project

A new business idea is the opening of an enterprise for the manufacture of frames and components for greenhouses.

Relevance

During the crisis, the demand for these products increased due to the active growth in the number of subsidiary farms. The relevance is also due to the growing interest in the domestic agricultural sector on the part of investors.

Implementation of the idea

At the initial stage, it is necessary to determine the type of material for greenhouses. The lightest and most practical in work are plastic and polycarbonate. To open such a workshop you will need:

rent of premises for production and office;
purchase of equipment for working with plastic and installation of greenhouses;
placement of advertising of their products via the Internet and posting leaflets.

To begin with, with the manual method of manufacturing greenhouses, it is enough to collect several products per week in order to quickly recoup the investment. The profitability of the project may well reach 150%, but you should not overestimate the cost of products with high competition in the market. Additional income can be provided by the service of visiting the client's personal plot and installing greenhouses from ready-made purchased blocks, their conversion to the needs of the customer.

Business idea No. 33 - Production of children's sleds

Initial investment - from 1 million rubles.

The essence of the project

Such a business project is a large workshop for the manufacture of standard and modern models of sleds for children.

Relevance

This business sector does not have much competition. Most of the large enterprises refuse this type of product, so prospects are opening up for the development of small workshops. Such products have a seasonal demand and show good sales in the northern and temperate regions.

The most popular are ordinary sleds on a metal frame. They are supplemented with comfortable handles, covers, new types of wood and plastic are used.

Implementation of the idea

To implement such a project, you need:

find a room for a workshop and a warehouse with good transport interchange;
purchase a semi-automatic line for working with metal;
hire staff and train them in technology;
solve the issue of product advertising and sales market.

The retail price of conventional sledges starts from 1,000 rubles at a product cost of 500 rubles. This will help solve the issue of payback in almost one cold season. But the real problem with this business project is the seasonality of this baby product. It should be solved by the development and introduction into production of garden and purchase carts, cultivators or construction wheelbarrows.

Business idea No. 34 - Production of change houses for construction sites

The initial investment amount is 150,000 rubles.

The essence of the project

The basis of the commercial idea is the creation of a small enterprise for the manufacture of change houses of any size and configuration according to customer measurements.

Relevance

This is a sought-after business due to a noticeable increase in construction projects. Many enterprises use change houses to accommodate staff, security guards or a field kitchen for workers. Given the ease of manufacture and the demand for the product, it is possible to implement an excellent business project at low cost.

Implementation of the idea

The manufacture of change houses from rolled metal does not require special equipment and technologies. Main production issues:

rent of a small workshop for the assembly of new cabins and storage of materials;
purchase of several sets of tools for workers;
purchase of the first batch of materials for change houses.

Several workers collect one change house in three days. Its cost starts from 30,000 rubles and directly depends on the filling of the room and equipment. The selling price is at least 50,000 rubles. Collecting 10 such cabins per month, you can count on a minimum net profit of 200,000 rubles. The introduction of new models for arranging under outlet expand the circle of customers.

Business idea No. 35 - Feed production

The amount of initial capital is 2,300,000 rubles.

The essence of the project

The basis of the production project is the opening of a small enterprise for the production of several types of feed for households and farms.

Relevance

The development of the agro-industrial public sector and private complexes increases the demand for this type of product necessary for animal husbandry. There is moderate competition in the feed production market and there is the possibility of introducing new enterprises.

Implementation of the idea

Opening a mini-factory requires significant financial costs on the part of the owner for the purchase of a special line, its installation and configuration. In the absence of large initial investments, a low-capacity project for home production can be implemented. In addition, the entrepreneur must:

rent a room for equipment and a warehouse for finished feed;
to equip access roads for trucks;
conclude contracts for the supply of high-quality raw materials;
develop the client base by working with farms and livestock breeders.

With proper marketing, in a year the feed mill will fully pay off and reach a net profit. The profitability of such mini-factories varies in the range of 20-24% with partial capacity utilization.

Conclusion

In conclusion, I would like to ask you to add more profitable production business ideas in the comments, because we are not able to cover all areas. So we will make this collection of ideas even more.

We are also waiting for your questions, if any!

13.05.2008 04:51

Five rules for improving production

It is necessary to look for opportunities to improve production, improve working conditions, increase the efficiency of operations, etc. every day. If you are thinking about implementing a system of continuous improvement, I recommend that you consider the following.

1. Be patient, because you have to not only solve problems in individual areas, but gradually change the mentality of workers.

2. Spare no resources, and if you can hire a specialist who knows how to improve production and implement lean technologies, it is better to take him than to hope to do everything by the books yourself.

3. Every day, remind employees that the project is alive and show real changes, increase the involvement of employees in the improvement process.

4. Introduce the system into the daily work of staff at all levels, establish clear rules. For example, a new machine operator should not be allowed to work until he has been trained in the basics. lean manufacturing. Each employee should know that at the end of the shift you need to bring workplace in order and gather at the booth to discuss the results.

5. Don't quit when your most pressing issues have been resolved and it seems like you can't do better. It is necessary to start correcting the little things - this work will also bear fruit.

How to control the improvement system and increase the involvement of employees in the process 

Once every two weeks, employees submit to me a report on the work done in accordance with the plan developed with the General Director of the plant and the head of production.
Once a month and a half, I personally visit each plant and hold a meeting with the local working group and representatives of other services. Sometimes the head of the enterprise participates in this meeting. We discuss the results of the work, adjust plans, etc.
Once every four months (for plants where more than two years have passed since the deployment of the system - once every six months), a three-day audit is carried out at each enterprise. A special questionnaire was developed for testing. For example, we ask the master to name and briefly describe each of the elements of the 5S system, or we ask two or three workers to answer when the 5S training was held, what was remembered.

Depending on the answers, we put down points and look at what stage the implementation of the continuous improvement system is at this plant: the project has just begun, has entered the active stage, or has been going on for a long time. As a result, the enterprise falls into the green, yellow or red zone (though no one has been in the latter yet, although there have been cases close to the borderline). Then I present the results of the audit to the director of the plant being audited, as well as, upon request, to the management of the company. Directors of other mills also have the opportunity to review the results (upon request).

What approaches increase the involvement in the work and the process of continuous improvement of employees 

If you do not stimulate work on improvements, employees will forget about this system. These are the tools that help us keep the project alive.

idea factory

This project is aimed at ordinary workers (although, of course, any employee can submit an idea), so the form for submitting an idea is paper. Employees can take it from a special stand, fill it up and drop it into a box. This is usually how we collect suggestions for small improvements. Having indicated his data in the form, the author of the idea, in addition, must answer the following questions:

What result do you expect after the implementation of the idea?
What do you propose to do (describe or draw your idea)?

Proposal processing. The department responsible for continuous improvement takes forms out of the box every few days and registers them in a common electronic database. To discuss proposals at the plant, a technical council meets at least once a month, which includes representatives of production, the labor safety department and the personnel management department. The authors of the rejected ideas receive explanations why their proposals are not accepted (for example, the implementation of the idea "dismantle the fence so that you can walk under the construction boom" can lead to an accident). If the proposal is approved, a person responsible for its implementation is appointed (usually technical service and production specialists), and at the next meeting the council evaluates the work done. Quite often, ideas are returned to the authors for revision: we say that the problem is set correctly, but we need to think about ways to solve it.

Idea award. Each accepted idea during the discussion at the council receives points. Depending on their number, the authors of proposals are paid a premium: from 500 to 2 thousand rubles. (minus income tax). For an employee with a salary of 20 thousand rubles. even 1000 rubles. would be a good incentive. However, I hope that money is not the main thing here and it is important for people to contribute to the work of the enterprise and see that their ideas are brought to life.

Stimulating the idea submission process. It was not easy to shake the workers of the combines. We told why ideas are needed, held special meetings at the opening of the shift, persuaded those who expressed ideas orally to state them on a special form. After the implementation of the first proposals, the workers believed in the project, and the matter moved forward. Now every four or five months we update photos of the authors of the best ideas on a special board and hold solemn meetings of the team, at which we thank the innovators and congratulate them on receiving a well-deserved award. General director personally shakes hands with everyone. If activity subsides, we again come to the meetings before the opening of the shift and remind about the factory of ideas. The plans are to set KPI by the number of ideas submitted from each site, depending on the number of staff. This approach is in line with generally accepted international practices.

Special shortcut reminding you of the upgrade system 

We have developed a label for our continuous improvement system - palms carefully holding a bright circle. We include it in mailing lists, put it on all forms of the idea factory, documents, stands with production indicators, where workers gather every morning before opening a shift and receiving assignments. Although this is a small element, it allows you to remind the staff that the project is alive.

Competition for the best group project 

The first competition was held based on the results of 2012 and 2013, the next one will be based on the results of 2014. All mills presented the best projects to improve various processes: from technical innovations to organizational changes. First, it was selected at the regional level, and in March - the final at the group level. We covered it in all ways: through mailing lists, bulletin boards, a corporate portal, personal appeals from the directors of the plants.

How to compare projects from different fields. The jury consisted of nine people: the General Directors of the mills, the General Director of the Group, the Director of Operations and myself. We have developed our own criteria for evaluating projects (see below). table). However, comparing the reconstruction of the conveyor and the development of a video safety briefing turned out to be quite difficult. As a result, the project for the introduction of electronic document management won, because this solution can be easily and practically unchanged implemented at other plants. In future competitions, we nevertheless decided to separate production and organizational projects, for which we introduced two nominations. The evaluation criteria will remain unchanged.

Awarding of the winning enterprises. The winners received cups (they awarded everyone who reached the final). Further, each plant itself made a decision on encouraging the employee who initially proposed the idea. The cash prize was excluded immediately, because we believe that this creates the wrong ideological message. Someone handed certificates to shops, someone paid for an excursion to Vladimir, etc.

Two examples of implemented improvements 

The number of machine changeovers per shift was reduced by 6 times. At one plant, the bottleneck was a machine that cuts products. There were two sizes, and the machine had to be constantly readjusted from one format to another. First, we increased the speed of changeover by redistributing duties between the machine operator and auxiliary workers. Then we thought about why so many readjustments are needed at all. It turned out that the reason is in the elementary disorganization when submitting orders: first one person comes running with a small pack of products, then another, etc.

The solution was found like this: we made a buffer for each format in front of the machine. Now one buffer is processed first; after it is completely unloaded, the operator readjusts the machine and is taken for the next one. Simultaneously reload the first one. This allowed us to reduce the number of changeovers per shift to five (previously it was 30), increasing productivity by 12% relative to the initial situation. Of course, in terms of lean manufacturing, you can say that having a buffer is a waste. However, in this way we managed to equalize the load with sufficient production flexibility. Perhaps the next step (someday) will be to replace one large machine with two small ones, each working with its own format.

The volume of unsorted products decreased by 7.5 times. At the same plant, there was a problem of inter-operational stocks of the rest of the batches. When products come out of the press, the number of sheets may exceed the number of packs, so there is always a leftover. Individual sheets are not handed over to the warehouse (only those completed to a pack), and the range (thickness, format, grade) is quite wide. All individual sheets are set aside. The rubble reached up to 300 m 3, it was impossible to sort out the heaps. Products deteriorated, bending from weight.

First, we conducted an analysis to understand which positions most often fall into the “work in progress warehouse”. Places on the floor were allocated for them with the help of markings - now, thanks to visualization, packs began to be completed much faster. Now no more than 40 m 3 of individual sheets are stored in this form at the same time. We plan to make a system of shelving, where sheets of "frequent" varieties will be inserted into the desired cells, and there will be a label that shows that the pack is assembled. In this way, we will achieve both a reduction in storage space and even greater transparency in the process.

Russian manufacturer of PVC profiles for translucent building envelopes. The project of the plant, located in Ufa, was developed by the world leader in plastic extrusion technology - the company "Greiner". The profile systems have been developed in close collaboration between Grain and Greiner technicians. Grain's product formula was developed in collaboration with world leaders in the chemical industry. All materials entering the plant undergo strict quality control; All Grain products are certified. The range of manufactured products and the technical characteristics of the profile make it possible to use it in window and door structures of various sizes in all climatic zones. All leading specialists of Grain are trained and trained in Austria.

The GRAIN company has been operating in the PVC profile market for almost ten years, having gone through the stages from building a plant, increasing production capacity, expanding its share in the competitive market of the Russian Federation and the CIS to reaching the scale of the largest manufacturer of window profiles in the Urals and Volga regions. We have to work in tough competitive conditions with large transnational companies that also have their own production facilities in Russia and use advanced industrial and management technologies, so the issue of constantly improving production efficiency is a necessary condition for the survival of Grain from the first days of its existence.

Solving the issue of increasing labor productivity involves a systematic approach, which includes the issues of effective organization of the company's tangible and intangible resources. On an enlarged basis, the key tasks that the company faces, as well as the solutions implemented so far, can be represented as seven steps to improve efficiency.

First of all, for high labor productivity, a high level of automation of production processes is required. The transition from manual to machine labor allows to increase the pace of production and the speed of information processing, reduce the likelihood of errors, and increase the transparency of processes. At the Grain plant, today the production process is fully automated: from the moment the raw material is loaded into the receiving hoppers and to the exit of the finished profile from the extrusion lines.

The second step follows from the first step: a high level of automation requires highly qualified service personnel. And this is a big problem, because there were no ready-made specialists of the required profile in the labor market. To solve this problem, it is necessary to invest time and money in the training and development of employees. In our company, at the initial stage, all middle managers and engineering staff were trained at the Greiner production in Austria. Then a system of training employees at the workplace was created. All the key managers working today in production have gone through career stages, starting with packers, operators, mechanics. Thanks to the system of mentoring and on-the-job training in the field, the organization can solve personnel issues, and employees get the opportunity for career growth and additional motivation.

Third step: automated production requires quality service and quick repairs. The engineering and technical service of the plant faces the most important task - to ensure round-the-clock non-stop operation of all units, mechanisms, electronic systems, and the entire infrastructure. As you know, it is much more effective to prevent a breakdown than to eliminate the consequences of an accident in emergency mode. At the Grain plant, this issue is solved by an effective system of round-the-clock monitoring, maintenance and diagnostics of equipment for the service of mechanics and electricians. For example, for all major units of industrial equipment, technical passports have been established, which reflect all maintenance and repair work. To reduce the response time to any technical problems, mechanics and electricians are transferred under the control of shift supervisors. For all employees of the plant, there is a motivation system tied to the overall result, which reflects key indicators production efficiency.

Fifth step: dynamic system requires regular monitoring of ongoing processes. No carefully planned and implemented business model will work effectively without daily monitoring of every key process. This role in Grain is performed by management accounting. Just as you can't control a speeding car by looking in your rearview mirror, you can't manage production based on the last month's financials alone. Therefore, at our plant, we have implemented a real-time accounting system for the movement of materials, as well as daily monitoring of key planned indicators.

sixth step- Ensuring production flexibility. Efficient production must produce only products that are in demand on the market. Therefore, Graine has implemented a "pull" system, which assumes that production responds flexibly to orders received from customers. In practice, this means that production has planning horizons with reference points for a month, a week, a day ahead. This allows you to use resources more efficiently and ship products to customers on time.

Completing the short list of the most important, in our opinion, elements of the system for increasing labor productivity, we should add seventh: the picture will not be complete without mentioning the systems of input, technological and output control, as well as measures to reduce marriage, personal responsibility of production personnel, incentive programs for rationalization proposals and measures to form a corporate culture.

Instead of an epilogue, I would like to talk about the potential opportunities for increasing labor productivity that have yet to be implemented at our enterprise. First of all, it is necessary to solve the global issue of increasing the stability and quality of electricity supplied to the plant. This is a big problem for all modern industries. According to our statistics, due to power surges and sags, and, as a result, forced shutdowns and restarts, we lose about 7% of machine hours per year, the resource of expensive equipment decreases, and revenue is lost. It is also necessary to solve the problems of heat recovery in the production facility, expand the program for processing secondary raw materials, and implement a program to reduce the influence of the seasonal factor on the volume of capacity utilization.

In general, increasing labor productivity is a continuous process that does not allow one to be satisfied with the results achieved. There is always something to strive for!

How to develop a business from scratch: step by step algorithm on the example of the implementation of a small business project + 10 rules for success + 3 ideas for starting from scratch.

How to grow your business from scratch usually interested in novice entrepreneurs.

It would seem that there are so many options on the Internet for creating your own business, it’s really possible to find even ready-made business plans with calculations.

But it often happens that beginners read dozens of these articles, but still cannot understand the basic schemes of the entrepreneur's work.

What to do at the start of your business "career"? How to grow a business from a tiny seed of an idea?

The article considers a plan for the implementation of a small business project, which will allow the reader to receive specific practical advice.

How to develop your business from scratch: evaluating opportunities

Do you have an idea in your head to prove yourself as an entrepreneur? Where to start?

The first step is to decide on the starting "base".

To do this, arm yourself with a leaf, a pen and give answers to the following questions:

What would you like to do?

Entrepreneurial activity should proceed from the real interests of a person.

For example, if you are into motorcycles, starting a motorcycle dealership from scratch is a good business idea.

Write down on paper your hobbies, what you did as a child, and even what you wanted to become.

All of these points can hide great ideas that you can develop into your business.

The first rule of investing in a business from scratch is that capital is created from non-earmarked funds.

This means that using the money that the family has been saving for several years for the education of a child for the purpose of business self-realization is, at the very least, stupid.

Exactly like taking a loan from a bank, if this is your first business and there is even the slightest doubt about its success.

Legislation.

It is no secret that the registration and conduct of any entrepreneurial activity has its own characteristics, especially when it comes to a business for which you need to obtain licenses.

You must base the project only on legal grounds, which means you must be familiar with the requirements of your state.

The information written on the sheet in front of you is the “start-up capital” with which you must develop your business.

Having decided, you can move on to the next step - the practical implementation of what was conceived from scratch.

How to develop a business from scratch? The Story of a Starting Entrepreneur

This section is devoted to the history of one entrepreneur Leonid Fedorovich, with the help of which we will understand how to develop a business.

It is worth starting, of course, with its history:

Leonid Fedorovich, 34, chef of the Tokado restaurant specializing in Japanese cuisine. He has been working in the food industry since 2005, in his free time he is thinking over a plan to open his own Japanese restaurant with authentic Asian cuisine and minimalist design.

As you may have guessed, the idea of own business has long settled in the soul of Leonid. And then THAT MOMENT came - he collected the necessary amount of money and decided to quit his job.

Today this man's life has changed. There is no longer a permanent income, there is only one thing - the intention to develop your business.

A familiar situation, isn't it? Uncertainty about the future, the desire to develop and the idea - this is where any business of novice entrepreneurs begins.

STEP 1: Think of a business concept from scratch

Leonid Fedorovich begins work on the implementation of his business. First of all, he finalizes the general concept of the future institution.

After a long analysis of the Moscow business arena, and in particular its food sector, he comes up with the following business structure:

Criterion	Description
Business form	Fast food cafe. Since an ordinary chef could not earn money for a full-fledged restaurant (you need to be a realist).
Name	Eastern mix. With this name, Leonid wanted to emphasize the Asian orientation of the institution.
Location	Renting space in the center will cost a substantial amount. The budget does not provide for such expenses. The fast food cafe will be located in a residential area with fewer competitors and lower real estate prices.
Cafe menu	The menu should include exclusive dishes of Japanese "street cuisine". Leonid (formerly the chef of an Asian restaurant) easily picked up the necessary menu. The emphasis was on the exotic, as well as the use of Japanese spices and sauces.
The target audience	The Japanese fast food cafe is intended for all segments of the population who have a couple of thousand rubles in their pocket and are ready to shell them out for delicious, exotic food.

When Leonid Fedorovich clearly understands what he needs from business, it's time to move on to further actions -.

It will contain a detailed description of the implementation of the above concept.

STEP 2: Drawing up a business plan from scratch

The project "Eastern mix" begins the path to implementation.

The first step is to create a clear plan of action from formal business descriptions and concepts.

Leonid Fedorovich starts work immediately, and in a month he completes work on his business plan.

Below is short description and main points of the plan.

Business plan: Eastern mix fast food cafe

Marketing promotion based on the exclusivity of the kitchen, which is the main competitive advantage.

The actions are aimed at the location of the cafe, therefore they are local in nature: leaflets, billboards, word of mouth, notes in the local press.

The business premises must comply with SES standards, have an adequate level of ventilation and an area of about 50 sq.m.

Renting such space in a residential area of Moscow will cost 35,000 - 40,000 rubles.

Registration of entrepreneurial activity will be made in the form of IP.

Leonid Fedorovich does not assume huge volumes and is ready to bear responsibility for his work with his own material resources.

IP is an ideal solution for such a business.

Cost of equipment will amount to 700,000 rubles.

The list includes freezers, work surfaces, heat-treaters, cookware, and extractor hoods.

The staff will be limited to 3 employees: assistant cook and 2 waiters.

Leonid Fedorovich will perform in his usual role of a chef, he will also take care of business accounting and menu preparation.

The salary of employees will be about 70,000 rubles. per month.

The financial part and the overall payback of the business from scratch.

Having collected all the costs together, the potential entrepreneur estimated the cost of his business solution at 1,000,000 rubles.

Monthly injection - 150,000 rubles, and income - 350,000 rubles, payback - 5 months.

When the business plan is written, all risks are taken into account, you can begin to put the business plan into practice.

STEP 3: Implementation of the business plan

Leonid Fedorovich began to develop a business plan in reality. The first month was spent on preparing documents for registration and searching for a business area.

The expenses for legal advice and rent exceeded the planned by 15%, which led to some disappointment for the aspiring entrepreneur.

But the first step has been taken, Leonid spent several "unforgettable" days, communicating with representatives of the SES and the Federal Tax Service. As a result, he was able to prove that his cafe complies with all standards and is ready for the installation of equipment.

The second full-scale stage of Leonid's work was the organization of the kitchen, marketing and personnel selection.

He spent another month of time and an incalculable amount of nerves on these operations. The costs again exceeded the planned by 10% (and this is absolutely normal).

Success has been achieved, all intermediate stages have been passed, the staff is ready to perform their duties, the first customers are already “at a low start”.

STEP 4: Starting the project from scratch

From the moment the idea was formed in Leonid's head from scratch to the opening of the Eastern mix fast food cafe, 4 months of daily work passed.

The first day of work was crowned with success, the revenue exceeded the expected result. Meat dishes with spicy sauce and non-alcoholic drinks were in particular demand.

The marketing campaign was a success, the flow of customers began to increase, since the area is densely populated, word of mouth worked 100%.

STEP 5: Summary. How to develop business further?

For 4 months of constant work, Leonid Fedorovich achieved a full payback of the project from scratch. Having experience in entrepreneurship, he begins to save money to develop the business to a cafe chain of 3 units.

The menu has been adjusted three times, taking into account the wishes of customers. Its due place in its formation was taken by the approach of the seasonality of food, which was able to bring the cafe even closer to true Japan.

Based on this example, we can derive 10 basic tips that will help you start a business from scratch and grow it.

10 rules for a novice entrepreneur to help grow a business from scratch

Planning.

Only a fully planned and formed from scratch idea can be successful.

Decisive action.

Business is a tough environment, it does not forgive inexperience.

Any decision must be analyzed and taken immediately.

Remember: competitors always breathe down the neck.

financial literacy.

The fact that you do not have a legal or financial education should not be indicative of illiteracy.

Business is an ocean of commerce.

You have to be a shark and develop basic knowledge, otherwise you will just get lunch.

You are not omnipotent.

If you do not have experience in entrepreneurial activity, contact the specialists on the issues that interest you.

Self-giving.

Using the example of Leonid Fedorovich, you should understand that the most important thing in your business is love for the cause, the desire to develop it from scratch and the willingness to go to the end.

Sociability.

This rule is mandatory for an entrepreneur of any level. How to develop your business?

Only with the help of successful agreements and the ability to present yourself.

Availability of knowledge.

You must become a specialist in the industry, otherwise you will not be able to develop a business.

Without a thorough understanding of the field of activity, it is impossible to create a worthwhile business from scratch.

Motivation.

At first, it is very important to stay motivated and move on.

Business payback is not a matter of one day, be prepared for a long struggle for success.

Flexibility of thinking.

Analyze each stage of the project from scratch, if necessary, make the necessary changes.

moral stability.

The leader is obliged to demonstrate the best qualities - confidence, calmness, composure.

The staff depends on you, their attitude to work and efficiency is the result of your actions.

The scheme of activities and the basic rules of how to develop a business are, in general, defined.

But still, how exactly can a beginner develop a business from scratch, especially without starting investments?

How to develop a business: 3 best ideas for a startup without investment

IDEA 1: Make money from your skills and abilities

The best way to start a business without financial investment from scratch is to use yourself. This means recording webinars, trainings, organizing online consultations.

Nowadays, people with experience in any business are highly valued. So what's stopping you from using it to grow your business?

Create your channel on "Youtube.com", try to develop it and earn money! There is nothing difficult in this, it only requires skill and a little charisma.

An example of a successful business on Youtube is the channel of fitness blogger Denis Semenikhin: https://www.youtube.com/user/SemenikhinDenis

IDEA 2: Crowdfunding is an opportunity to create and develop a business

If you have just a brilliant idea that can be developed into a business, but there are no funds at all to implement it from scratch, turn to the people for help!

It sounds ambiguous, but online crowdfunding platforms have been successfully operating for many years.

The meaning of their activity is this: everyone can arrange a presentation of the project to the public through this platform.

After that, people, if desired, provide financial support so that the creators of the idea can implement it and develop it from scratch.

Popular platforms:

kickstarter.com
rockethub.com
booomerang.dk

In crowdfunding, it is important to correctly and even enticingly describe the concept of the business.

You work with people and you have to motivate them to give their hard earned money to your cause.

If the idea is really unique, it is difficult to find a better investment option.

IDEA 3: Home production from scratch

Open a home production - this is possible from scratch with virtually no investment.

Do you know how to bake delicious cakes, and everyone close to you knows about it? This is a great idea that you can develop into your own business!

Over time, a business will also need minimal marketing to develop a business, which can serve as a website or a group on a social network.

Otherwise, the investment is minimal - only the cost of ingredients and product packaging.

Every business idea has the right to life. The list shown above only proves the fact that it is not necessary to have large finances to start your own business from scratch.

In her video, Anna Sokolova describes the main mistakes of entrepreneurs who “slow down” the development of various kinds of business:

How to grow your business? The answer to this question cannot be unambiguous for every aspiring entrepreneur.

But there are general tips and algorithms that are described in the article. The main ones are clear planning and love for your work.

It is not difficult to open a business, a much more painful decision is to decide to become truly independent.

Are you ready to succeed in business doing what you love?

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Since the mode of production constitutes the material basis of the life of society, the history of society is first of all the history of the development of production, the history of the modes of production that succeed each other in connection with the growth of the productive forces.

How does this development take place? What drives him forward?

The facts show that the sources of the development of production must be sought not outside of it, but within it. Marx emphasized this when he defined history as a "self-developing social state" of 2 people.

In the process of labor, people influence external nature and change it. But by influencing on nature, they then At the same time, they change themselves: they accumulate production experience, labor skills, and knowledge about the world around them. All this makes it possible to improve the tools of labor and the methods of their use, to invent new tools, to introduce certain improvements in the production process. And each such improvement or invention entails new improvements, sometimes producing a real revolution in technology and labor productivity.

However, as has already been shown, production necessarily presupposes certain relations not only between man and nature, but also between the people themselves participating in production. These relations, in turn, influence the development of the productive forces. They determine the incentives for the activity of the direct producers and the classes that dispose of the instruments of labor. The economic laws of each mode of production, the living and working conditions of workers, and other factors influencing the development of the productive forces depend on the relations of production.

Interaction of productive forces and production relations

The unity of the productive forces and production relations, expressed in the mode of production, does not at all exclude contradictions between them.

The reasons for the emergence of these contradictions lie in the fact that both elements of the mode of production - economic relations and productive forces - develop differently. Technique, production skills and work experience of people in general - whether we are talking about the whole history or one particular mode of production - are increasing more or less continuously. They represent the most revolutionary, the most mobile element of production.

As for the relations of production, although they undergo certain changes during the existence of a given mode of production, these changes do not affect their essence. So, for example, modern state-monopoly capitalism, as we will see below, differs markedly from the capitalism of the 19th century. However, the basis of capitalist production relations - private ownership of the instruments and means of production - remains the same, and, consequently, the basic laws of capitalism retain their force. Fundamental changes in property relations are necessarily in the nature of a leap, a break in gradualness, which means liquidation old production relations and replacing them with new ones, i.e., the emergence of a new mode of production.

From this it is clear why the correspondence between property relations and the nature of the productive forces in the history of each mode of production before the socialist epoch can only be transient, temporary. It usually takes place at the initial stage of the development of the mode of production, the stage which is marked by the establishment of new relations of production corresponding to the given stage in the development of the productive forces. But after that, the development of technology, the accumulation of labor skills, experience and knowledge does not stop, but, as a rule, accelerates. This clearly demonstrates the positive impact of production relations on the development of productive forces. When property relations correspond to them, this development proceeds relatively smoothly and without hindrance.

But property relations themselves cannot continuously follow the productive forces in their development. In a class society, these relations, once they have arisen, are legally and politically fixed in forms of property, in laws, in class politics, in the state and in other institutions.

As the productive forces grow, a discrepancy inevitably develops between them and the production relations, which eventually develops into a conflict, because the obsolete production relations hinder the further development of the productive forces.

Thus, the property relations of feudal society, based on the feudal lord's ownership of the land with the peasants attached to it, at one time corresponded to the productive forces that society had at its disposal, and therefore helped to develop them. But in an era when industry began to develop at a rapid pace (manufacturing, and then machine), the situation changed: serfdom became a brake that hindered the growth of industry, which needed workers who, on the one hand, would be personally free, and on the other, did not have would have their own means of production and whom hunger would have driven to factories and plants, under the yoke of the capitalist. Modern capitalism also provides a striking example of the discrepancy between production relations and productive forces. This discrepancy is expressed in destructive crises, wars, slowdowns in economic development, etc.

The conflict between the relations of production and the productive forces leads to an aggravation of contradictions in various areas of the life of society, and primarily between classes, some of which are connected by their interests with the old, and others with the maturing new property relations.

Society cannot go back to productive forces that would correspond to obsolete production relations, even if the classes in power understand that this is their only chance for salvation. Sooner or later, the conflict is resolved in another, the only possible way - the revolutionary liquidation of the old production relations and their replacement with new ones, corresponding to the nature of the grown productive forces, their needs. further development. A new mode of production is emerging. A new cycle of development begins, which goes through the same stages and, if we are talking about a class-antagonistic society, again ends with the death of the old and the birth of a new mode of production.

Basis and superstructure

The state of the productive forces determines, as we have seen, the nature of people's production relations, that is, the economic structure of society. This economic system, in turn, is basis(foundation, basis), on which various social relations, ideas and institutions arise. Social ideas (political, legal, philosophical, religious, etc.), institutions and organizations (state, church, political parties, etc.) that arise on this basis form superstructure society. The theory of base and superstructure explains how the mode of production ultimately determines all aspects of social life, and shows the connection between economic social relations and all other relations of a given society.

Each historically given society has its own specific basis and its corresponding superstructure.

The social division of society - its class composition - depends on the dominant form of ownership, and this, in turn, determines the nature of political institutions and legal norms. Monarchy is unthinkable under socialism, and universal suffrage would be impossible in a slave-owning society. Feudal relations of production presuppose, as we shall see below, not only property, but also personal dependence of the peasant on the landowner (serfdom). In feudal law, this is expressed in the form of the legal inequality of peasants and feudal lords: the feudal landowner could not only appropriate the labor of the peasant, but also interfere in his life in every possible way, while the peasant remained powerless.

The transition to capitalist production relations entailed changes in legal relations as well. Replacing direct coercion and personal dependence "dis-

principle of famine" found its legal expression in the fact that the law formally equalized the worker and the capitalist. But, since bourgeois law is based on a system of private property, the equality proclaimed by it, in fact, only consolidates the dominant position of the propertied classes. Consequently, political and legal relations are derived from economic relations and are determined by these latter.

The same must be said about philosophical, religious, moral, artistic and other social ideas and ideas. It is known, for example, that in a primitive society, captives captured during wars between different tribes were killed and sometimes eaten. Later they were enslaved. Why did such a "softening" of public morals take place? Yes, because the growth of labor productivity made possible the appropriation of the labor of others, the exploitation of man by man. It was on this economic basis that new morals, new views, characteristic of the slave-owning era, were born.

In the same way, the changes in production relations that take place under socialism produce a radical change in the views, morals, and behavioral criteria of members of society. Under capitalism, speculation is considered the same profession as, say, the profession of a doctor and a lawyer - a profession that is regulated at best (in the interests of large speculators, to the detriment of small ones), but always legalized, like institutions serving this type of occupation (for example, , exchange). It cannot be otherwise in a society where the exploitation of other people's labor is legalized and money is the highest value, the measure of all virtues. Under socialism, such actions are not only morally condemned by society, but are also prosecuted by law.

From the fact that the basis determines the superstructure, it follows that each change in the basis - production relations - entails a change in the superstructure, fundamental changes in the field of state, law, political relations, morality, ideology. The superstructure, in turn, influences production relations and can slow down or speed up their change. It is clear, for example, that the political institutions of the modern bourgeoisie (primarily the state), its law and ideology play an important role in the protection of capitalist property and hinder the long overdue replacement of its socialist (public) property.

In the superstructure of any class society, the ideas and institutions of the ruling class are dominant. But along with them, the superstructure also includes the ideas and organizations of the oppressed classes, which help these classes to fight for their interests.

Thus, the fact of the split of bourgeois society into workers and capitalists is sooner or later reflected in the consciousness of both. This leads to the fact that, along with the class ideology and organizations of the bourgeoisie - its state, political parties, the press, etc. - the ideology and organizations of the working class appear and develop in society. The workers sooner or later become aware of themselves as a special class, they awaken to the consciousness of the commonality of their interests, their incompatibility with the interests of the capitalists. Awareness of class interest leads to the fact that the workers begin to unite for a joint struggle against the capitalists. The advanced part of the working class unites in a political party, trade unions and other mass organizations of working people are created. The relations that bind the proletarians into a class organization - a political party, trade unions - are already relations that, before being established, have passed through the consciousness of people - after all, the workers enter the party consciously, on ideological impulses and of their own free will. Among the workers, class solidarity develops, its own morality, opposite to the prevailing bourgeois morality.

Thus, on the real basis of class relations, a whole pyramid is erected of various worldviews, social feelings, political and other organizations and institutions - all that is united by the concept of a superstructure.

In any society, the combination of its various aspects - productive forces, economy, politics, ideology, etc. - is not accidental. There can be no society in which feudal production relations would be fastened to the productive forces of, say, the capitalist era, and the slave-owning ideology would rise above them.

The nature of the productive forces and the level of their development predetermine the relations that people enter into in the process of production, and these relations form the basis on which, in turn, a certain political and ideological superstructure grows. Each society is therefore an integral organism, the so-called socio-economic formation, that is, a certain historical type of society with its own mode of production, basis and superstructure.

The concept of socio-economic formation is of great importance for the entire science of society. It allows us to understand why, despite all the variety of specific details and features, all peoples basically follow a common path. After all, the history of each of them is ultimately determined by the development of productive forces, which is subject to the same internal laws. The development of society takes place in the form of a consistent, regular change in

social and economic formations, moreover, a people living in conditions of a more advanced formation shows other peoples their future, just as they show their past to them.

The doctrine of socio-economic formations tears away the mystical veils from the history of mankind, makes it understandable and cognizable. “Chaos and arbitrariness, which have so far reigned in views on history and politics, have been replaced by an amazingly integral and harmonious scientific theory, showing how from one way of social life develops, as a result of the growth of productive forces, another, higher ...” (V. I. Lenin) 3 .

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Business idea number 2 - Furniture production

Business idea number 3 - Production of frameless furniture

Business idea number 4 - Making wicker furniture

Business idea number 5 - Production of colored gravel

Business idea No. 6 - Workshop for the production of tiles from wild stone

Business idea number 7 - Making tombstones

Business idea No. 8 - Penoizol production workshop

Business idea number 9 - Cinder block manufacturing

Business idea number 10 - Production of expanded clay blocks

Business idea No. 11 - Production of gas and foam concrete

Business Idea No. 12 - Production of polystyrene concrete

Business idea number 13 - Production of artificial marble

Business Idea #14 - Neon Sign Production

Business idea number 15 - Production of metal doors

Business Idea No. 16 - Antifreeze Production

Business idea No. 17 - Organization of production for tailoring workwear

Business Idea No. 18 - Mirror Manufacturing

Business Idea No. 19 - Eurofence Production

Business idea No. 20 - Production of metal-plastic windows

Business Idea No. 21 - Production of metal tiles

Business Idea #22 - Vinyl Siding Production

Business idea number 23 - Production of forged products

Business Idea No. 24 - Production of figurines for a garden plot

Business idea number 25 - Making wooden toys

Business idea number 26 - Organization of your own winery

Business idea number 27 - Opening your own brewery

Business idea No. 28 - Production and packaging of honey

Business idea No. 29 - Dry breakfast production

Business idea number 30 - Production of clean drinking water

Business Idea No. 31 - Spice Production

Business idea number 32 - Greenhouse production

Business idea No. 33 - Production of children's sleds

Business idea No. 34 - Production of change houses for construction sites

Business idea No. 35 - Feed production

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STEP 3: Implementation of the business plan

STEP 4: Starting the project from scratch

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IDEA 1: Make money from your skills and abilities

IDEA 2: Crowdfunding is an opportunity to create and develop a business

IDEA 3: Home production from scratch

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The last notes

How to control the improvement system and increase the involvement of employees in the process 

What approaches increase the involvement in the work and the process of continuous improvement of employees 

Special shortcut reminding you of the upgrade system 

Competition for the best group project 

Two examples of implemented improvements 